How many official languages are there in the republic of ireland
How many official languages are there in the republic of ireland
Вы проводите информационный поиск в ходе выполнения проектной работы. Определите, в каком из текстов A–F содержатся ответы на интересующие Вас вопросы 1–7. Один из вопросов останется без ответа. Занесите Ваши
ответы в таблицу.
1. How many official languages are there in the Republic of Ireland?
2. Which colour dominates on the island?
3. What do the colours of the Irish flag mean?
4. What Irish name is now used as a noun in several European languages?
5. After what Irish person did a geographical place get its name?
6. What are the two things associated with the country?
7. Why is the name of an Irishman well-known in the United States?
A. One of the informal names of Ireland is ‘the Emerald Isle’. This is because of its lush greenery and rolling hills. The island country receives a lot of rain each year, which keeps the grass green and the plants blooming. Experts argue that the flora of Ireland demonstrates more than forty shades of green.
B.The most famous symbol of Ireland is undoubtedly the shamrock clover. However, the official emblem of the country is the Celtic harp. Ireland is the only country in the world to have a musical instrument as its national symbol. The harp has become Ireland’s national symbol not because it was created there, but due to the collection of the oldest harps in the world which can now be seen in the museum at Trinity College in Dublin.
C. There is a tricolour of green, white and orange vertical stripes on the national flag of the Republic of Ireland. The flag was designed to reflect the country’s political situation. Created in 1848, the orange stripe represents Irish Protestants. Green is for Irish Catholics and white is for the hope that peace might eventually be reached between them.
D. Most people of the Republic of Ireland speak English. It is the second official language of the country because, according to the Constitution, Irish (Gaelic) is the national language of the Republic of Ireland. Irish was the primary language that was used on the island. Though children are still taught Irish at school, the language is losing its importance.
E. The White House, the official residence of the US President, was designed by an Irishman. James Hoban was born in Ireland and studied architecture in his homeland. In 1792, James Hoban won a competition for the construction of the President’s house in America. He spent nine years supervising the building process. He also designed a few other important buildings in the American capital. No wonder that the name of James Hoban is famous across the ocean.
F. The widely used word boycott originated in Ireland. In 1880, a campaign of isolation against Charles Boycott, a land agent, was started. He threw out the farmers from his land when they complained that the rents were too high. After that, the local shops refused to serve him, his servants left and the boy who delivered his mail disappeared too. The surname of the land agent became a word which means ‘silently ignoring somebody or something’. The word was adopted in English, French, Dutch, German, Russian etc.
Текст
A
B
C
D
E
F
Заголовок
B — 6. The most famous symbol of Ireland is undoubtedly the shamrock clover. However, the official emblem of the country is the Celtic harp.
C — 3. The flag was designed to reflect the country’s political situation. Created in 1848, the orange stripe represents Irish Protestants. Green is for Irish Catholics and white is for the hope that peace might eventually be reached between them.
D — 1. It is the second official language of the country because, according to the Constitution, Irish (Gaelic) is the national language of the Republic of Ireland.
E — 7. In 1792, James Hoban won a competition for the construction of the President’s house in America. He spent nine years supervising the building process. He also designed a few other important buildings in the American capital. No wonder that the name of James Hoban is famous across the ocean.
F — 4. The surname of the land agent became a word which means ‘silently ignoring somebody or something’. The word was adopted in English, French, Dutch, German, Russian etc.
How many official languages are there in the republic of ireland
Задание №11839. Чтение. ОГЭ по английскому
Вы проводите информационный поиск в ходе выполнения проектной работы. Определите, в каком из текстов A — F содержатся ответы на интересующие Вас вопросы 1 — 7. Один из вопросов останется без ответа.
1. How many official languages are there in the Republic of Ireland? 2. Which colour dominates on the island? 3. What do the colours of the Irish flag mean? 4. What Irish name is now used as a noun in several European languages? 5. After what Irish person did a geographical place get its name? 6. What are the two things associated with the country? 7. Why is the name of an Irishman well-known in the United States?
A. One of the informal names of Ireland is ‘the Emerald Isle’. This is because of its lush greenery and rolling hills. The island country receives a lot of rain each year, which keeps the grass green and the plants blooming. Experts argue that the flora of Ireland demonstrates more than forty shades of green.
B. The most famous symbol of Ireland is undoubtedly the shamrock clover. However, the official emblem of the country is the Celtic harp. Ireland is the only country in the world to have a musical instrument as its national symbol. The harp has become Ireland’s national symbol not because it was created there, but due to the collection of the oldest harps in the world which can now be seen in the museum at Trinity College in Dublin.
C. There is a tricolour of green, white and orange vertical stripes on the national flag of the Republic of Ireland. The flag was designed to reflect the country’s political situation. Created in 1848, the orange stripe represents Irish Protestants. Green is for Irish Catholics and white is for the hope that peace might eventually be reached between them.
D. Most people of the Republic of Ireland speak English. Itis the second official language of the country because, according to the Constitution, Irish (Gaelic) is the national language of the Republic of Ireland. Irish was the primary language that was used on the island. Though children are still taught Irish at school, the language is losing its importance.
E. The White House, the official residence of the US President, was designed by an Irishman. James Hoban was born in Ireland and studied architecture in his homeland. In 1792, James Hoban won a competition for the construction of the President’s house in America. He spent nine years supervising the building process. He also designed a few other important buildings in the American capital. No wonder that the name of James Hoban is famous across the ocean.
F. The widely used word boycott originated in Ireland. In 1880, a campaign of isolation against Charles Boycott, a land agent, was started. He threw out the farmers from his land when they complained that the rents were too high. After that, the local shops refused to serve him, his servants left and the boy who delivered his mail disappeared too. The surname of the land agent became a word which means ‘silently ignoring somebody or something’. The word was adopted in English, French, Dutch, German, Russian etc.
Текст
A
B
C
D
E
F
Вопрос
Решение: В тексте A содержится ответ на вопрос 2 (Which colour dominates on the island? — Какой цвет доминирует на острове?): «Experts argue that the flora of Ireland demonstrates more than forty shades of green.»
В тексте B содержится ответ на вопрос 6 (What are the two things associated with the country? — Какие две вещи связаны со страной?): «The most famous symbol of Ireland is undoubtedly the shamrock clover. However, the official emblem of the country is the Celtic harp.»
В тексте C содержится ответ на вопрос 3 (What do the colours of the Irish flag mean? — Что означают цвета ирландского флага?): «Green is for Irish Catholics and white is for the hope that peace might eventually be reached between them.»
В тексте E содержится ответ на вопрос 7 (Why is the name of an Irishman well-known in the United States? — Почему имя ирландца хорошо известно в Соединенных Штатах?): «The White House, the official residence of the US President, was designed by an Irishman.»
В тексте F содержится ответ на вопрос 4 (What Irish name is now used as a noun in several European languages? — Какое ирландское имя теперь используется как существительное в нескольких европейских языках?): «The surname of the land agent became a word which means ‘silently ignoring somebody or something’.»
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Источник: ФИПИ. Открытый банк тестовых заданий Сообщить об ошибке
How many official languages are there in the republic of ireland
Вы проводите информационный поиск в ходе выполнения проектной работы. Определите, в каком из текстов A–F содержатся ответы на интересующие Вас вопросы 1–7. Один из вопросов останется без ответа. Занесите Ваши
ответы в таблицу.
1. How many official languages are there in the Republic of Ireland?
2. Which colour dominates on the island?
3. What do the colours of the Irish flag mean?
4. What Irish name is now used as a noun in several European languages?
5. After what Irish person did a geographical place get its name?
6. What are the two things associated with the country?
7. Why is the name of an Irishman well-known in the United States?
A. One of the informal names of Ireland is ‘the Emerald Isle’. This is because of its lush greenery and rolling hills. The island country receives a lot of rain each year, which keeps the grass green and the plants blooming. Experts argue that the flora of Ireland demonstrates more than forty shades of green.
B.The most famous symbol of Ireland is undoubtedly the shamrock clover. However, the official emblem of the country is the Celtic harp. Ireland is the only country in the world to have a musical instrument as its national symbol. The harp has become Ireland’s national symbol not because it was created there, but due to the collection of the oldest harps in the world which can now be seen in the museum at Trinity College in Dublin.
C. There is a tricolour of green, white and orange vertical stripes on the national flag of the Republic of Ireland. The flag was designed to reflect the country’s political situation. Created in 1848, the orange stripe represents Irish Protestants. Green is for Irish Catholics and white is for the hope that peace might eventually be reached between them.
D. Most people of the Republic of Ireland speak English. It is the second official language of the country because, according to the Constitution, Irish (Gaelic) is the national language of the Republic of Ireland. Irish was the primary language that was used on the island. Though children are still taught Irish at school, the language is losing its importance.
E. The White House, the official residence of the US President, was designed by an Irishman. James Hoban was born in Ireland and studied architecture in his homeland. In 1792, James Hoban won a competition for the construction of the President’s house in America. He spent nine years supervising the building process. He also designed a few other important buildings in the American capital. No wonder that the name of James Hoban is famous across the ocean.
F. The widely used word boycott originated in Ireland. In 1880, a campaign of isolation against Charles Boycott, a land agent, was started. He threw out the farmers from his land when they complained that the rents were too high. After that, the local shops refused to serve him, his servants left and the boy who delivered his mail disappeared too. The surname of the land agent became a word which means ‘silently ignoring somebody or something’. The word was adopted in English, French, Dutch, German, Russian etc.
Текст
A
B
C
D
E
F
Заголовок
A — 2. One of the informal names of Ireland is ‘the Emerald Isle’. This is because of its lush greenery and rolling hills. The island country receives a lot of rain each year, which keeps the grass green and the plants blooming.
B — 6. The most famous symbol of Ireland is undoubtedly the shamrock clover. However, the official emblem of the country is the Celtic harp.
C — 3. The flag was designed to reflect the country’s political situation. Created in 1848, the orange stripe represents Irish Protestants. Green is for Irish Catholics and white is for the hope that peace might eventually be reached between them.
D — 1. It is the second official language of the country because, according to the Constitution, Irish (Gaelic) is the national language of the Republic of Ireland.
E — 7. In 1792, James Hoban won a competition for the construction of the President’s house in America. He spent nine years supervising the building process. He also designed a few other important buildings in the American capital. No wonder that the name of James Hoban is famous across the ocean.
F — 4. The surname of the land agent became a word which means ‘silently ignoring somebody or something’. The word was adopted in English, French, Dutch, German, Russian etc.
What Languages Are Spoken In Ireland?
As the number of Irish residents born outside of Ireland grows, so does the country’s diversity in culture and most notably, language. According to a census, persons born abroad accounted for around 17.3 percent of the country’s total population. This has caused a dramatic change in the country’s linguistic landscape that today there are already 612,018 people in Ireland who are multilingual or speak a language other than Irish or English.
In Dublin, Ireland’s capital for example, while English is still the most widely used language by a majority of its inhabitants, it is not common to hear people speak in languages found in other parts of Europe, Africa, and Asia. This is due to the growing multicultural communities in the city and the number of immigrants who set down roots in the capital.
Official Languages Of Ireland
Dual language or bilingual road signs in English and Gaelic at Killorglin, County Kerry, Ireland.
Irish Gaelic is constitutionally recognized as the first official language of the Republic of Ireland. It is one of the oldest written languages in the world. Around 30 percent of the country’s population speak Irish and up to 5 percent use it regularly at home and with interactions with their peers. Also known as Erse or Gaelic, it is among the Goidelic group of Celtic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
It is spoken throughout Ireland most notably in many Gaeltacht areas and is a required language in schools. In these mostly coastal areas around 75 percent of the population speak Irish. The Irish language is closely related to Scottish and Manx Gaelic, a language spoken by a small minority in the Isle of Man. It is also quite related to Welsh, Cornish, and Breton.
It is not clearly known when the first Irish speakers came to the country, but it is believed that they arrived on the shores from mainland Europe some 2,500 years ago. The oldest remains of ancient Irish writing are found on Ogham stones from the 5th and 6th centuries.
Aside from Irish, English is another official language of Ireland spoken by a majority of those residing there. The language was first brought to Ireland in the 12 th century and started out as a minority language. Throughout the course of 800 years, it existed alongside Irish and became widespread until it became the most dominant language in the country spoken by over 97% of the population.
Other Languages Of Ireland
Due to immigration and the influx of residents born outside of Ireland in recent years, there are now around 182 languages aside from English and Irish that are spoken in homes in the country according to the Central Statistics Office (CSO). The highest percentage of non-English speakers live in Fingal, located in North Dublin. Lithuanian, French, and Polish are the most common languages spoken by non-English speakers there. But throughout the whole of Ireland, Polish is the most widely used foreign language, followed by French, Romanian, Lithuanian, Spanish, and German. Also among those in the top are Russian, Portuguese, Chinese, and Arabic among others.
A coastal town in Fingal, Ireland, where a large number of Lithuanian, French, and Polish speakers live. Image credit: 4H4 Photography/Shutterstock.com
Polish is the most spoken foreign language throughout a majority of areas in Ireland save for Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown where French is the dominant foreign language. There are more than 135,895 Polish speakers in Ireland, 27,197 of which were born in the country. Meanwhile, there are more than 54,948 French speakers in Ireland and 36,683 who speak Romanian.
There are also more than 1,000 people in Ireland who speak Shona, the main language of Zimbabwe, and Akan a language spoken by people of the Ivory Coast and Ghana. Experts believe that there are more languages spoken in Ireland that may still be hidden or have not been documented yet. Most might still be hidden since some languages are still difficult to distinguish from one another one people hear them.
Ireland owes its current rate of multilingualism to the 143 percent increase in foreign nationals living in Ireland from 2002 to 2011. According to a census, these foreign nationals come from 199 countries speaking a myriad of different languages and dialects. Its multiculturalism is most notably seen in schools where immigrant children from different countries across the globe now study.
Benefits Of Multilingualism
Ireland’s increasing levels of multiculturalism and notable multilingualism are seen as beneficial since it is believed to be a strong driving force that will hopefully increase Ireland’s international trade. While English has served to Ireland’s advantage, many companies are looking to penetrate more diverse markets abroad. Having a workforce with foreign language expertise can help improve relations with partners globally and tap more markets since having a workforce that can communicate in the buyer’s local tongue is a huge advantage.
Ireland Languages
The native language of Ireland is Irish (also known as Gaelic, a name shared with the Manx and Scottish versions). In the Ireland Genealogy, Irish has official status, but in Northern Ireland Genealogy it has little or none, although it
Most records used in Irish research were begun in the late eighteenth or early nineteenth centuries and were written in English. The other language you may have to deal with is Latin. Government records were written in Latin until 1733, some Catholic Church records used Latin until the mid-nineteenth century, and older records written in English often latinized names and relationships. Some knowledge of Latin will help you read these records.
Contents
Irish language [ edit | edit source ]
Irish (Gaeilge, formerly written as Gaedhilge) is a member of the Goidelic branch of the Celtic languages. It is closely related to Manx and Scottish Gaelic, and more distantly to Welsh, Cornish and Breton.
Irish was spoken natively in Northern Ireland into the twentieth century, in areas such as Rathlin Island, and the Sperrin Mountains. The 1901 & 1911 Censuses reveal that it was spoken by both the Roman Catholic and the Protestant communities.
Irish gives rise to many Irish surnames, including any beginning with:
It was quite common for many families to drop the Mac or O’ from their surnames, so some of the surnames above might also reappear as Dwyer, Higgins, Guinness etc, in the same family. In certain names, «Mac» also became «Fitz» e.g. Fitzgerald.
Many other Irish names also derive from Irish Gaelic, e.g. Branagh (Breathnach)
The old Gaelic naming system is extremely complex, and exists mainly in oral tradition.
Many personal names such as Shaun (John), Kevin, Conor, Neil, Maeve and Kathleen all ultimately derive from the language too. There are other, traditional, Gaelic names which have no direct equivalents in English: Domhnall, which is normally rendered as the unrelated Daniel or Donald; Grainne, for which there is nothing similar in English, and it is rendered as ‘Grace’; Cathal, which is «matched» with Charles.
In the last hundred years, many people have given their children Irish names in the original spelling, e.g. the actors Saoirse Ronan and Ciarán Hinds. This is more common in the Republic, and when it occurs in Northern Ireland is usually connected with people who come from a Roman Catholic or Nationalist/Republican background.
Ulster Scots [ edit | edit source ]
Ulster Scots (also known as Ullans or Ulster-Scotch), is a vernacular used by a few people in County Donegal in the Republic and parts of Northern Ireland, especially County Antrim. Although commonly portrayed as a «Protestant» language, it is in fact used by members of both the Roman Catholic and the Protestant communities. It has very limited official recognition.
Genealogists may encounter an occasional word of Ulster Scots when looking at old documents, but the language is not distinct enough to cause major problems.
Latin [ edit | edit source ]
Latin was used for written records in Ireland over a thousand years ago, prior to the Anglo-Norman, and even the Norse invasions. It continued to be used long after the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland.
Shelta [ edit | edit source ]
This is the traditional language of Irish travellers. One is unlikely to ever come across this in records, much less so than Irish.
Online Databases [ edit | edit source ]
Books [ edit | edit source ]
For help in reading Latin, see:
The meanings of words may also have changed over time, making some records difficult to understand. The following book can help you understand strange usages as it provides examples of British word usages in different time periods:
Spelling may make some records difficult to read. Prior to 1900, spelling was often phonetic. Family and place-names were often spelled as they sounded to the writer. And given names were often abbreviated.
Handwriting may also make records difficult to read. Writing styles have changed over time. With practice you should be able to decipher most of the difficult words and letters you will encounter in Irish records.
Other language helps available at the Family History Library are listed in the Place Search of the catalog under:
