How to run python script on linux
How to run python script on linux
How to Run Python File in Terminal [ With Arguments ]?
Python programs can be easily run on the IDEs and also you can run python files in the terminals.
You can run the python file in the terminal using python3 filename.py command.
In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to
For demonstration, you’ll use the python script file sample.py available in your Ubuntu system.
Table of Contents
Install Python on Ubuntu
Ubuntu 20.04 and other Debian Linux distributions are shipped with the Python 3 installed by default. You can confirm if python is available by using the below command.
You’ll see the python version installed as below.
If it’s not installed, you can install Python3 on Ubuntu by using the following command.
If you want to install a different version of Python, you can update the version number which is highlighted in yellow.
Python is installed.
Now, you’ll see how to run python scripts in Linux.
Run Python File in Terminal
In this section, you’ll learn how to run python files in the terminal.
Python files contain python scripts to be executed. So this section will be the answer to the question of how to run python scripts in Linux[Ububtu].
In this tutorial, you’ll use the interpreter along with the filename to execute the script.
Use the command python3 along with the python script file name as shown below.
Now the python3 will run the script available in the file and you’ll see the console output as you’ve written in your script.
Next, you’ll see how to run a python file in the terminal with arguments.
Run Python File in Terminal With Arguments
In this section, you’ll learn how to run a python file in the terminal with arguments from the command line.
You can pass the arguments to python from the Linux command line by specifying the argument’s value next to the commands. If you have two or more commands, you can separate them with the space.
Now, your program will accept this command-line argument and process it as defined in the script.
Using Python3 Command Line Arguments
In this section, you’ll learn how to use Python3 command-line arguments in your python script.
You can use the command line arguments by using the sys.argv[] array.
The first index of the array consists of the python script file name. And from the second position, you’ll have the command line arguments passed while running the python script.
Run the script file using the below command.
You’ll see the below output.
This is how you can use the command line arguments inside your python script.
Conclusion
In this tutorial, you’ve learned how to run a python file in a terminal (Ubuntu or any other bash command line terminal). You’ve also learned how to run a python file in the terminal with arguments while running and also learned how to access those command-line arguments inside the python script.
Запуск python скрипта в Linux
На этом языке написано огромное количество системных программ, среди них пакетный менеджер apt, видеоредактор OpenShot, а также множество скриптов, которые вы можете установить с помощью утилиты pip. В этой небольшой статье мы рассмотрим как запустить Python скрипт в Linux с помощью терминала различными способами.
Запуск python скрипта в Linux
Для примера нам понадобится Python скрипт. Чтобы не брать какой-либо из существующих скриптов, давайте напишем свой:
print(«Hello from losst!»)
Для того чтобы запустить скрипт необходимо передать его интерпретатору Python. Для этого просто откройте терминал с помощью сочетания клавиш Ctrl + Alt + T, перейдите в папку со скриптом и выполните:
Но как вы могли заметить, при запуске apt или openshot не надо писать слово python. Это намного удобнее. Давайте разберемся как это реализовать. Если вы не хотите указывать интерпретатор в командной строке, его надо указать в самом скрипте. Для этого следует в начало скрипта добавить такую строчку:
Сохраните изменения, а затем сделайте файл скрипта исполняемым с помощью такой команды:
chmod ugo+x script.py
После этого можно запустить скрипт Python просто обращаясь к его файлу:
Как видите, запуск команды python Linux выполняется довольно просто и для этого даже есть несколько способов. А каким способом пользуетесь вы? Напишите в комментариях!
How to Run Python Scripts in Linux
One of the most basic and crucial things to learn is running a Python script when learning or working with Python. Because Python is an interpreted language, it requires the Python interpreter to execute any Python code. Depending on the type of script, there are a couple of ways you can execute it.
This guide will showcase executing a sample Python script.
Python scripts
Any script is a text file containing the code. The file can then be run using an interpreter. The same goes for any Python script.
Generally, a Python script will have the file extension PY. However, there’s another way of writing a Python script: embedding Python codes into a bash script.
Either way, you need to have the Python package installed in your system. Because it’s a popular programming language, all Linux distros offer pre-built Python binaries directly from the official package servers. Distros like Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Pop! OS etc., comes with Python pre-installed. The package name should be “python” or “python3″ for any other distros”.
Working with a Python script
Creating a sample Python script
For demonstration, let’s make a quick Python script. Open up the terminal and create a file named sample-script.py.
To be able to run the script, it must be marked as an executable file. Mark the file as an executable.
Check the file permission to verify if it worked.
Writing a sample Python code
Now, we’re going to put some code in the script. Open up the file in any text editor. For demonstration, I’m going to be using the nano text editor.
We’ll place a simple program that prints “hello world” on the console screen.
Save the file and close the editor.
Running the Python script
Finally, we can run the script. Call the Python interpreter and pass the location of the file.
Bash-style Python script
So far, we’ve seen the default way of running a Python script. However, there’s an unconventional way of writing and running a Python script as a shell script.
Generally, a shell script contains a list of commands that are interpreted and executed by a shell (bash, zsh, fish shell, etc.). A typical shell script uses shebang to declare the desired interpreter for the script.
We can take this structure to our advantage. We’ll declare the Python interpreter as the desired interpreter for our code. The body of the script will contain the desired Python scripts. Any modern shell will execute the script with the Python interpreter.
The structure will look something like this.
Location of Python interpreter
The shebang requires the path of the interpreter. It will tell the shell where to look for the interpreter. Generally, a Python interpreter is available as the command “python” or “python3”. Python 2 is deprecated, so it’s not recommended to use it anymore (except in very specific situations).
To find the location of the Python interpreter, use the which command. It finds the location of the binary of a command.
Creating a shell script
Similar to how we created the Python script, let’s create an empty shell script.
Mark the script as an executable file.
Writing a sample shell script
Open the script file in a text editor.
First, introduce the shebang with the location of the interpreter.
We’ll write a simple Python program that prints “hello world” on the next line.
Save the file and close the editor.
Running the script
Run the script as you’d run a shell script.
Final thought
It needs to be passed on to the interpreter to run a Python code. Using this principle, we can use various types of scripts to run our Python code. This guide demonstrated running Python scripts directly (filename.py scripts) or indirectly (filename.sh).
In Linux, scripts are generally used to automate certain tasks. If the task needs to be repeated regularly, it can also be automated with the help of crontab. Learn more about using crontab to automate various tasks.
About the author
Sidratul Muntaha
Student of CSE. I love Linux and playing with tech and gadgets. I use both Ubuntu and Linux Mint.
How To Run Python Script In Linux Complete Guide
If you are from the programming field, you can relate to the thing that “Python is not a language, Python is a lifestyle” and well this is the most accurate thing we have heard about this language so far. Everyone ships Pythons and everyone wants to learn it.
Python scripts are more like text files and can be edited on the simple and in-built text program of the operating system. You can use any text editor program according to your operating system because not all operating systems support the same text editor programs. However, while choosing the text editor for the Python scripts, make sure it has been equipped with syntax highlighting. Coming to the point, we have made the article to tell you about the process of How To Run Python Script In Linux in a complete guide. So, have a look!
Hello World! Is the most common programs that beginner python users write and at the end of this program, you will get to see the “Hello, World!” phrase and after some time, it will be terminated. This is basically to teach the users how to run python scripts using text editors.
You May Also Check:
Step 1 – Starting Off
Table of Contents
Step 2 – Running Python In Linux
The process for running python scripts varies for every operating system and as our article is about Linux, we have added how to run python scripts in Linux, so have a look!
Important Note: If the python version is 2.6.1 or python 3.0, run python3 hello.py
Step 3 – Running Python In Linux Advanced
The result of both step 2 and step 3 has to be “Hello, World!” and we hope that this is the result that you achieved. If you have any more questions, reach out to us in the comment section below and we will be here to help. If you like the information, share it with your python lover friends and help us grow. Thank you!
How to Run a Python Script
If you cannot run or execute a python script, there is no point in being a programmer. I mean, the ultimate goal of a developer is to write scripts that are executable and actionable. You see, whenever you run a python script, the IDE converts the syntax into instructions that the computer can understand and act on. Technically, this is doable in two ways.
Under which environments can I run a python script?
Typically, python developers write stand-alone scripts that can only be executed under certain environments. These scripts are then saved with a “.py” extension so that the operating system can identify them as python files. Once the interpreter is invoked, it identifies the script, reads it and then interprets it accordingly. However, the way python scripts are executed on Linux is different from the way they are “Run” on Windows or Mac. Confusing? Well, if you are a greenhorn in the game of coding, the whole idea can become confounding. Fortunately, we’ve got you covered. In this post, we are going to iron things out by showing you the difference in these systems and also teach you how to run a python script on Windows, Mac, and UNIX platforms. Read on!
How to run a python script on command line
Python is one of the simplest and most executable programming languages used by greenhorns as they make baby steps into the world of coding. And though a variety of applications can be used to create and execute python scripts, it is a little-known fact that windows command line can run these same programs regardless of the development method or tool used to create them. Technically, a command line prompt can be effortlessly launched from your computer’s start menu. Under most windows versions, the menu selection process is: Start ‣ Programs ‣ Accessories ‣ Command Prompt. Another option is entering ‘cmd’ in the menu search box. After successfully launching the command, the following window should appear.
Depending on where your system files are stored, the letter that appears might be different. For instance, you might get something like:
Once this command prompt window has been launched, you will be on your way to running python scripts. However, for python scripts to be executable, they have to be processed by a python interpreter. The role of this interpreter is to read the script, compile it into bytecodes, execute the bytecodes and subsequently run the program.
But how do you navigate the interpreter on the command prompt so that it can process your script?
Well, first and foremost, ensure that your command prompt recognizes the word “python” as a command to launch the interpreter. If you already have a command prompt window open, key in the command python and press enter.
If successfully done, you should get the following result depending on the version of python you are using.
Python 3.3.0 (v3.3.0:bd8afb90ebf2, Sep 29 2012, 10:55:48) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type «help», «copyright», «credits» or «license» for more information.
This indicates that you have launched the interpreter in “interactive mode”. From now on, you can key in python commands, expressions, and scripts interactively and have them run as you wait. This interactive mode is one of Python’s most iconic feature. Most programmers use it as a convenient and highly programmable calculator. You can try it out by typing a few commands of your choice and see what happens.
When it’s time to end your interactive session, press the “control” key, enter “z” and press “Enter” to return to your windows command prompt window.
If your computer has a start menu as Start ‣ Programs ‣ Python 3.3 ‣ Python (command line) which opens up a command prompt >>> on a new window, it will also disappear after pressing the Ctrl and Z buttons. The thing is, your system only runs one “python” command which stops all windows after ending your interactive session with the interpreter.
Possible errors and how to solve them
If the python command gives you the following error messages instead of launching the interpreter prompt >>>
‘python’ is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file.
Bad command or filename
double check if your computer knows where to find the interpreter. To achieve this, you have to modify the list of directories (PATH) where windows gets programs before launching them. Go ahead and add python’s entire installation directory to the path of every command window. If you are not sure where you installed python, the following command will help you find out.
The most typical location should look like C:\Python33. If that’s not your case, you might have to search the entire disk. However, you can avoid it by using the search button. Type “python.exe” in the search box. If it is installed in the following directory, C:\Python33 (which is normally the default setting at the time of installation) make sure that when you execute the following command
It launches the interpreter as shown at the beginning of this guide. If the search results indicate that the installation directory is not part of the system path, add it so that it can be possible to launch the interpreter after running the python command. Once the directory is verified, launching the python interpreter should not be a problem again. Do not also forget that you will need to press the control and Z keys to terminate the session. Once you have verified that the
How to run a python script on Windows
How to run a python script on Mac
NB: Most Mac computers come preinstalled with python 2 and 3. if this is the case, you should always use python3 hello.py.
How to run a python script on Linux
NB: If version 2.61 and 3.0 are both installed in your computer, you should always run python3 hello.py.
How to run a python script on Linux (advanced)
This advanced process should only be used to execute completely compiled programs. If you regularly use your script, it will be ideal if you can store it in your home directory and link it using /usr/bin. And if you want to play around with the commands, it will be fun to invoke mkdir
NB: file extensions are not necessary under UNIX file systems. In Linux, hello.py simply means what Hello.mp3 or hello means. Normally, the Linux OS uses the contents of a file to determine what type it is, unlike in windows and Mac where you have to specify file type by adding an extension.
How to run a python script in python shell
The python shell not only interprets commands line by line and executes them instantly, but also gives you the autonomy to run them over and over again whenever you wish to. It gives you the freedom to save your entire script in a python format, then run it on the python shell. But how?
STEP-1
Launch the IDLE editor. It should be available under the All Programs section in windows. After double-clicking on it, a python shell should appear as shown in the picture below.
STEP-2:
Select the file menu then click on “New file”
Simultaneously pressing the CTRL and N keys will also open an untitled and empty document editor as illustrated below. (Shortcut)
STEP-3
Write or paste your program on this editor window. If you have already saved yours, please jump to step 5.
STEP-4
After you’re done with your script or program, click on the file menu then select save. Make sure that the script is saved in a location that you can remember. You should get something like this after saving. The top section should show you where the document has been saved.
STEP-5
Launch a command window then navigate to the location where you have stored your file. In my case, I am going to type the following command.
I also have the alternative of using windows explorer to get my script. Press the shift button and right click to launch the open command window. You can then go ahead and open the folder containing the script.
STEP-6
On the command window/prompt that appears on your computer screen, key in the following command and press enter. This will depend on the way you have saved your script. In my case, I will have,
Calling out the name of your script should execute your python script.
An alternative
Instead of following the whole process from the first to the last step, everything can be completed in step 3. On this Step, the script can be directly saved by pressing F5 on the editor, then it will run the program itself.
When using the live interpreter to run a python script, it is important to understand that understand that every command is read and integrated in real time. For instance, calculations will be solved immediately while loops will iterate immediately unless they are part of a function. For this reason, you have to be mentally prepared to use it. The python shell is popular with people who like executing their code interactively. However, if you want to use it to run your scripts, you have to call the Python executable or import it.