Marmalade is made from oranges

Способы перевода пассивного залога на русский язык

Прочитав статью «Активный и пассивный залог в английском языке», мы узнали, что из себя представляют эти две формы английского глагола. Более того, в этой статье вы также можете увидеть, как образуется пассивный залог во всех временах английского языка. Я лишь напомню, что в пассивном залоге не само лицо исполняет какое-либо действие, а это действие над лицом совершается. Вот это действие, выраженное глаголом, и будет представлено в пассивном залоге. Второе название этого залога – страдательный.

Пассивный залог широко употребителен в современном английском языке. Особенно часто он используется в тех случаях, когда нам неизвестно, кто исполняет действие, или этот момент нам не важен. Например: Мост построили. Мост построен. В данном случае, вопрос «кто его построил?» не является основополагающим или важным, поэтому и об исполнителе действия речь не идет. Но действие этого предложения будет выражено пассивным залогом.

Какие существуют способы перевода пассивного залога на русский язык?

Есть три способа перевода пассивного залога на русский язык. Иногда какое-либо предложение можно перевести лишь одним из предложенных способов. Часто предложения могут равнозначно переводиться двумя способами. А порой приходится способы и комбинировать. Вот возможные действия:

The money will be spent on food. — Деньги будут потрачены на еду.

This novel was written many years ago. – Этот роман был написан много лет назад.

These facts are not mentioned in his report. – Эти факты не упомянуты в его докладе.

Young man was impressed by the life of the poor people. – Молодой человек был поражен тем, как живут бедные люди.

When he finishes speaking, a lot of questions will be asked. – Когда он закончит говорить, будет задано много вопросов.

This museum is closed in summer. – Этот музей закрыт летом.

All these documents were lost during the war. – Все эти документы потерялись во время войны.

The door was opened a minute ago. – Дверь открылась минуту назад.

The house in front of our school is still being built. – Дом перед нашей школой все еще строится.

What are the different parts of the theatre called? – Как называются разные части театра?

Marmalade is made from oranges. – Мармелад делается из апельсинов.

The cake is still being baked, you’ll have to wait. – Пирог все еще печется, тебе придется подождать.

The results of the exams will be announced tomorrow morning. – Результаты экзаменов объявят завтра утром.

Don’t touch the wall. It has just been painted. – Не трогай стену. Ее только что покрасили.

This actress was given a little role in the movie. – Этой актрисе дали небольшую роль в фильме.

The movie is being shot now. – Эту картину (фильм) сейчас снимают.

She was offered to buy a beautiful and comfortable dressing-gown. – Ей предложили купить красивый удобный халат.

The criminal wasn’t found. – Преступника не нашли.

Предложения, в которых будет употребляться модальный глагол с инфинитивом пассивного залога, рекомендуется переводить при помощи слов «можно, нужно, следует»:

These newspapers must be returned in an hour. – Эти газеты нужно вернуть через час.

Can this book be brought? – Эту книгу можно принести?

Никаких трудностей способы перевода пассивного залога на русский язык вызвать не должны, так как они не являются сложными. Чтобы правильно переводить страдательный залог на русский язык, необходимо лишь ориентироваться в формах этого залога и не путать времена.

Если вы нашли ошибку, пожалуйста, выделите фрагмент текста и нажмите Ctrl+Enter.

Мармелад (озвученный текст на английском языке)

One of the strangest things about English people is what we eat for breakfast. Some people have a cooked breakfast, with bacon and eggs and sausages. But most people are far too busy to cook things for breakfast. So they have a nice cup of tea or coffee, and toast, spread with marmalade. Marmalade is a type of jam, made out of oranges. Not ordinary oranges – they are too sweet – but very bitter oranges which are grown near Seville in Spain. These oranges are picked in January, and nearly all of them are exported to Britain to make into marmalade.
You can of course buy marmalade in a supermarket. But shop-bought marmalade is poor stuff. It contains too much sugar and not enough oranges. (My grandmother used to say that shop marmalade was made with potatoes!) No, if you want proper marmalade, you have to make it yourself at home.
The last two weeks in January is marmalade time. It is cold outside. Perhaps a few snowflakes are falling. But inside, the kitchen is warm and a delicious smell of oranges fills the house. So how do we make marmalade? The ingredients are simple – Seville oranges, a lemon, sugar and water. We chop the oranges and the lemon finely, including the peel. We add the water, and bring it to the boil. We boil the mixture until the oranges are cooked, then we add the sugar and continue boiling until the marmalade begins to set (ie until it starts to form a jelly). Then we put the marmalade into glass jars, and put a pretty label on each jar saying «marmalade». You can store marmalade for a year or even longer until you need it.
A jar of home-made marmalade makes a lovely present to give to friends or relatives.
Sarah Franklin has taken some wonderful photographs of making marmalade. On her flickr page she has included her recipe, so – if you can find any Seville oranges – you can have a go yourself. For myself, I have another 10 kilos of marmalade to make before the next podcast.

Grammar and vocabulary note

a) Look at these sentences:
Посмотрите на эти предложения:

Marmalade is made with oranges and sugar.
Marmalade is made out of oranges and sugar.
Marmalade is made from oranges and sugar.
Marmalade is made of oranges and sugar.
Мармелад изготовлен / сделан / произведён из апельсинов и сахара.

All of these mean the same! And here are two more ways of talking about the things which we use to make marmalade.
Все они имеют одинаковый смысл! А вот ещё два способа сказать о продуктах, которые мы используем для приготовления мармелада.

Marmalade contains oranges and sugar.
Мармелад содержит апельсины и сахар.
The ingredients of marmalade are oranges, a lemon, sugar and water.
Ингредиенты мармелада – это апельсины, лимон, сахар и вода.

b) A recipe is a set of instructions for how to cook something, such as a cake. The recipe will tell you what food items (or ingredients) you need eg flour, butter, eggs, sugar; and what equipment you need eg a mixing bowl, a baking tin, an electric mixer.
Рецепт – это набор инструкций о том, как приготовить что-нибудь, вроде торта. Рецепт расскажет вам, какие продукты питания (или компоненты) вам необходимы, например: мука, масло, яйца, сахар; и какое оборудование вам нужно, например: миска для смешивания, форма для выпечки, электрический миксер.

chop (chopped; chopped) – рубить, крошить

e.g. (от лат. exempli gratia) – букв. «ради примера»

fill – заполнение, загрузка; порция, доза

What Is Marmalade?

Buying, Cooking, and Recipes

The Spruce Eats / Lindsay Kreighbaum

Marmalade is a fruit preserve often made from citrus fruit like oranges. The modern definition of marmalade is a transparent fruit spread made by boiling citrus, water, and sugar together, including the peel. The preserve goes back to at least Ancient Rome when it was made using quince—similar to what we would now call quince paste.

The most famous version is made using bitter Seville oranges, but sweet oranges, grapefruit, kumquat, lemon, and lime are all used to make marmalade and are sometimes combined with other fruits and ingredients for a variety of flavors. Marmalade is especially popular in British countries but can be found in the U.S. and other areas of the world. It’s often served with bread products like toast or scones, or can be used to top or fill cakes and other desserts.

Fast Facts

Marmalade vs. Jam

Jam and marmalade are made in very similar ways and used in very similar applications. Jam is a mixture of mashed or puréed fruit and sugar, making a sweet, spreadable condiment. A variety of fruit can be used, from grape to blackberry to strawberry, but it is not typically made with citrus fruit. Marmalade is made using primarily citrus fruit and includes the peel, often chopped into small pieces. It often has a chunkier texture thanks to the peel and sets up nice and thick similar to a jelly.

Varieties

Orange marmalade is by far the most common, but the fruit spread can be found in a variety of flavors. Bitter or Seville marmalade is traditional, but sweet orange marmalade made using Valencia, navel, or similar oranges is equally popular. Grapefruit and kumquat marmalade can also be found and lemon and lime are sometimes available as well. A mixture of citrus fruit is popular, as is the addition of a non-citrus fruit or other ingredients, such as rhubarb, lavender, and ginger.

While some preserves made without citrus fruit and their peel are labeled as marmalade, they are not what would be called traditional. They are more akin to fruit preserves or jam and use the term marmalade to set their product apart on the shelves.

How to Cook With Marmalade

Marmalade can easily be made it home with minimal special equipment. The citrus peel is removed and chopped to the desired size with the juice and flesh also incorporated. Sugar and water are added along with any other flavorings. The peel and membranes contain pectin which causes the marmalade to naturally set up when cooked to the correct temperature. Homemade marmalade can be canned and stored almost indefinitely or cooled and stored in the fridge to use fresh.

Marmalade is typically used as a sweet condiment for toast, biscuits, scones, croissants, and other baked goods. It can also be used as a sweet, fruity addition to cakes or in savory applications as a glaze for meats or vegetables.

What Does It Taste Like?

Cooking citrus fruit with sugar softens the tart acidity and the bitterness of the peel, creating a balance of sweet, tart, and bitter in the finished marmalade. The specific flavor will depend on the fruit used and the proportions of ingredients. Some marmalades are sweeter than others, while others are tarter. The texture is thick and smooth, similar to jelly.

Marmalade Substitute

When substituting marmalade as a topping for toast or scones, simply choose a flavorful preserve, jam, or jelly instead. They won’t have the same citrus flavor, but they are similarly sweet, fruity, and easy to spread. When using marmalade to glaze a tart or a savory dish like ham or chicken, apricot preserves have a similar shine and relatively similar flavor.

Marmalade Recipes

Marmalade can be made at home or purchased in jars at the store. Making the spread at home is a great way to use up citrus fruit and enjoy their flavors all year long. Use marmalade to add a delicious glaze to chicken, pork, meatballs, or shrimp, or use it as part of layer cake or other pastries like orange rolls.

Where to Buy Marmalade

Orange marmalade is commonly found in supermarkets and grocery stores with other jams and jellies. You’ll find a greater selection online and will sometimes find small-batch marmalade at farmers’ markets and roadside stands. Marmalade is often sold in 12 to 16-ounce glass or plastic jars and can be found in larger bulk containers at some retailers. Look for marmalade that just contains three ingredients: fruit, sugar, and water.

Storage

Unopened, properly canned marmalade will last at least a year (and often two years) in a cool, dark, dry place. Opened marmalade should be kept in the fridge with the lid screwed tight and will last up to a year. If any mold is present on the marmalade or in the jar, discard immediately.

If you make homemade marmalade without hot water or pressure canning, the jars will keep for about six months in the fridge or can be frozen (leave an inch of space at the top) for up to six months.

Marmalade is made from oranges

Marmalade is a preserve made from a citrus fruit. For example orange marmalade. (picture below)

Jam is a sweet spread made from fruit and sugar boiled to a thick consistency.

e.g. Strawberry jam, raspberry jam etc.

Marmalade is made from citrus fruits, like oranges.

Jam can be made from any fruit, like figs, strawberries, blueberries etc.

Marmalade is a preserve made from a citrus fruit. For example orange marmalade. (picture below)

Jam is a sweet spread made from fruit and sugar boiled to a thick consistency.

e.g. Strawberry jam, raspberry jam etc.

Символ показывает уровень знания интересующего вас языка и вашу подготовку. Выбирая ваш уровень знания языка, вы говорите пользователям как им нужно писать, чтобы вы могли их понять.

Мне трудно понимать даже короткие ответы на данном языке.

Могу задавать простые вопросы и понимаю простые ответы.

Могу формулировать все виды общих вопросов. Понимаю ответы средней длины и сложности.

Понимаю ответы любой длины и сложности.

Решайте свои проблемы проще в приложении!

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English Meals

The English proverb says: every cook praises his own broth. One can not say English cookery is bad, but there is not a lot of variety in it in comparison with European cuisine. The English are very particular about their meals. The usual meals in England are breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner.

Breakfast time is between seven and nine a.m. A traditional English breakfast is a very big meal. It consists of juice, porridge, a rasher or two of bacon and eggs, toast, butter, jam or marmalade, tea or coffee. Marmalade is made from oranges and jam is made from other fruit. Many people like to begin with porridge with milk or cream and sugar, but no good Scotsman ever puts sugar on it, because Scotland is the home of porridge. For a change you can have sausages, tomatoes, mushrooms, cold ham or perhaps fish.

But nowadays in spite of the fact that the English strictly keep to their meals many people just have cereal with milk and sugar or toast with jam or honey.
The two substantial meals of the day are lunch and dinner. Lunch is usually taken at one o’clock. For many people lunch is a quick meal. Office workers usually go to a cafe at this time. They take fish, poultry or cold meat (beef, mutton, veal and ham), boiled or fried potatoes and all sorts of salad. They may have a mutton chop or steak and chips, followed by biscuits and a cup of coffee. Some people like a glass of light beer with lunch. Pubs also serve good, cheap food. School children can have a hot meal at school. Some of them just bring a snack from home.

Tea is very popular among the English; it may almost be called their national drink. Tea is welcome in the morning, in the afternoon and in the evening. The English like it b and fresh made. The English put one tea-spoonful of tea for each person. Tea means two things. It is a drink and a meal. Some people have afternoon tea, so called «high tea» with sandwiches, tomatoes and salad, a tin of apricots, pears or pineapples and cakes, and, of course a cup of tea. That is what they call good tea. It is a substantial meal.

Cream teas are also popular. Many visitors, who come to Britain, find English instant coffee disgusting. Dinner time is generally between six and eight p.m. The evening meal is the biggest and the main meal of the day. Very often the whole family eats together. They begin with soup, followed by fish, roast chicken, potatoes and vegetables, fruit and coffee.

On Sundays many families have a traditional lunch consisting of roast chicken, lamb or beef with salads, vegetables and gravy.

The British enjoy tasting delicious food from other countries, for example, French, Italian, Indian and Chinese food. Modern people are so busy that they do not have a lot of time for cooking themselves. So, the British buy the food at the restaurant and bring it home already prepared to eat. So we can conclude that take-away meals are rather popular among the population. Eating has become rather international in Britain lately.

Английская еда

Англичане очень любят чай, его можно назвать почти их национальным напитком. Чай приветствуется утром, днем и вечером. Англичане любят крепкий и свежеприготовленный чай. Англичанин кладет одну ложку заварки чая на каждого человека. Чай означает две вещи. Это и напиток, и пища. Некоторые пьют чай днем, так называемый «ранний ужин с чаем», с бутербродами, помидорами и салатом, консервированными компотами из абрикосов, груш или ананасов, пирожными и, конечно же, чашкой чая. Именно это они и называют хорошим чаем. Это сытная пища.

По воскресеньям многие семьи собираются на традиционный завтрак, который состоит из жареного цыпленка, ягненка или говядины с салатом, овощей и соуса.

Британцы любят попробовать восхитительную кухню других стран, например, французскую, итальянскую, индийскую и китайскую. Современные люди настолько заняты, что не могут позволить себе готовить пищу самостоятельно. Так что британцы покупают пищу в ресторане и приносят ее домой уже в готовом виде. Отсюда можно заключить, что такой вид «еды на вынос» довольно популярен среди населения. В последнее время еда стала вполне интернациональной в Великобритании.

Вопросы:
1. What time do they have breakfast?
2. What are the usual meals in England?
3. What are the two substantial meals of the day?
4. What is a traditional English breakfast?
5. What does lunch include?
6. When is lunch usually taken?
7. When do they usually have dinner?
8. Do the British enjoy tasting delicious food from other countries?
9. Is tea popular among the English?

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