Valerie the vegetarian how much many meat does she eat

английский 5 семестр. Практика 3. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст. Taking our diet more seriously Many people

Задание 1. Прочитайте и ПИСЬМЕННО переведите текст.

Taking our diet more seriously Many people believe that health is very important and, because of this, many are trying to eat more healthily. For example, people in the UK are eating less salt and more low fat margarine and milk; fruit is now America‘s favourite snack and Japan is currently promoting cocoa because it is healthy alternative to soft drinks like Coca Cola. These changes in eating habits are also having an effect on the food market. Global sales are increasing for soy drinks and drinkable yoghurts more than any other food and sales of bread, pasta, and cereals are growing much more slowly. People are also becoming interested in fresh fruit and vegetables and farmers‘ markets‘ are getting more popular throughout Europe. When they can, people often opt for natural goodness‘, and they are buying more products that are healthy, like fruit, salads, and nuts. They are also buying products that help to protect environment, like organic vegetables. So it‘s clear that things in the food world will never be the same again.

Задание 2. Прочитайте предложения и напишите T(True- верно) и F(False- неверно) после предложения.

a. Americans eat more fruit than any other food. F

b. Cocoa drinks are good for your health. T

c. People are buying more soy drinks. T

d. People are buying less pasta. T

e. Nuts are good for you. T

Задание 3. Сопоставьте подчеркнутые слова из текста с их синонимами.

1. worldwide – Global

2. think – believe

3. now – currently

4. becoming – getting

5. choose – opt for

6. a substitute for – alternative to

7. getting bigger – growing

8. look after, keep from danger – protect

Задание 4. Заполните пропуски подчеркнутыми словами из текста.

1. Mane vegetarians eat soya as an alternative to meat.

2. Some people believe that all ready-cooked meals are unhealthy.

3. The number of people buying organic vegetables is growing in mane countries.

4. The UK government is currently studying how to encourage people to change their eating habits.

5. In the US and Europe, many children are getting fatter because of their bad diets.

6. Many people opt for a change a diet because it makes them feel better.

7. A balanced diet can help to protect you from illness.

8. Unhealthy eating is now a global problem: not just in the US and Europe.

Задание 5. Заполните пропуски в предложениях словами из списка.

Homemade / meal /raw/ spicy /diet/ chicken /steak/ takeaway /meat/ frozen

Рабочая тетрадь Spotlight 7. Workbook. Страница 57

1. Put the nouns in the correct box. — Поставьте существительные в правильную колонку таблицы

2. Fill in the gaps with a few/a little. — Заполните пробелы словами a few/a little.

3. Choose the correct item. — Выберите правильный вариант

I always have a big breakfast before I leave for school. I start with 1) some/ any orange juice and 2) a few/ a little pieces of toast. After that, I have a bowl of cereal with 3) some/ many milk. Sometimes, I eat 4) a little/ a few cheese, too. When mum makes her special pancakes, I have 5) a lot of/ much them with 6) a /some syrup. I don’t eat 7) any/ no fruit. My elder sister always yells at me because I eat so 8) much/ many food, but she has 9) no/ any idea how hungry I am!

Я всегда плотно завтракаю перед тем как пойти в школу. Я начинаю с апельсинового сока и нескольких кусочков тостов. После этого я съедаю чашку хлопьев с молоком. Иногда я также ем немного сыра. Когда мама готовит ее особые блинчики, я съедаю их огромное количество с сиропом. Я не ем фруктов. Моя старшая сестра орет на меня, что я ем так много еды, но она даже не представляет, насколько я голоден!

4. Look at the table below and complete the column about what you eat in the morning. Then make sentences, as in the example. — Посмотрите на таблицу ниже и заполните колонку о том, что вы едите утром. Затем сделайте предложения, как в примере.

Возможный ответ:

Задание по английскому языку

Exercise 6. Заполните пропуски местоимениями “much / many”. Переведите предложения. 1. I don’t eat … oranges. 2. He eats … fish. 3. Mary mustn’t eat too … salt because she has problems with her blood pressure. 4. There is not … space in my flat. 5. There are … students in the gym. 6. Please don’t put … pepper on the meat. 7. There were … plates on the table. 8. She doesn’t eat … bread, she is on a slimming diet. 9. … people learn English. 10. There is … light in the room, it has … windows. 11. … of their conversation was about the university.

Exercise 7. Заполните пропуски местоимениями “little, a little, few, a few”. Переведите предложения. 1. I am busy now, I have … time. 2. Would you like … salad? – Yes, thank you. 3. Mother gave us … apples, and we were glad. 4. He didn’t like it in the camp: he had very … friends there. 5. I have … money, so we can go to the cinema. 6. I have … money, so we cannot go to the cinema. 7. She left and returned in … minutes.

Exercise 6. Заполните пропуски местоимениями “much / many”. Переведите предложения. 1. I don’t eat …many oranges. 2. He eats much… fish. 3. Mary mustn’t eat too …much salt because she has problems with her blood pressure. 4. There is not …much space in my flat. 5. There are …many students in the gym. 6. Please don’t put …much pepper on the meat. 7. There were …many plates on the table. 8. She doesn’t eat …much bread, she is on a slimming diet. 9. Many… people learn English. 10. There is much… light in the room, it has …many windows. 11. …Much of their conversation was about the university.

Exercise 7. Заполните пропуски местоимениями “little, a little, few, a few”. Переведите предложения. 1. I am busy now, I have little… time. 2. Would you like … a little salad? – Yes, thank you. 3. Mother gave us …a few apples, and we were glad. 4. He didn’t like it in the camp: he had very few… friends there. 5. I have a little … money, so we can go to the cinema. 6. I have …little money, so we cannot go to the cinema. 7. She left and returned in …a few minutes.

Exercise 4. Read the dialogues, then compose your own.

How to Lose Weight

Jane: Where are you going?

Lucy: I’m going to the Weight Losers club now.

Jane: What are you doing there?

Lucy: I’m trying to lose weight.

Jane: But you are not fat!

Lucy: I have already lost two kilos and I’m very pleased with myself.

Jane: How did you do it?

Lucy: I try to eat the right food.

Jane: What does it mean?

Lucy: I stopped eating cakes, pies and ice cream.

Jane: What are you allowed to eat?

Lucy: A lot of vegetables and fruit, a little boiled meat or fish, no fried potatoes, no chocolate and very little salt.

Caffeine Is Harmful for the Heart

Olga: My mother-in-law drinks such strong tea.

Nina: Why shouldn’t she?

Olga: Because she has heart problems. Caffeine is not recommended for people with heart problems.

Nina: Does tea contain much caffeine?

Olga: Yes, it does. A cup of strong tea contains more than 100 mg of caffeine.

Nina: I think that it is healthier for everybody to drink juices.

In a Restaurant

Alex: What will you have?

Joan: I’m on a diet.

Alex: Come on! I’ll pay.

Joan: What did you say?

Alex: Don’t be shy, I’ll pay.

Joan: Thanks! Great. Then I’ll have dry wine, a steak, fried potatoes, grapes, ice cream and a cake.

Alex: Okay. Waiter!

Exercise 5. Discuss the main sense of the text.

How much sugar do we eat?

Sugar gives you quick energy. However, this energy lasts only a short time. Soon you begin to feel tired and sluggish (вялый, медлительный). The next time you want sugar, take a piece of fruit instead. You’ll get the energy you need without any letdown (слабость, вялость) afterwards.

Next material helps you discuss the main sense of the text

· questions: What can replace the sugar? Why is it better to take fruit instead of sugar? What sugar replacement will you choose?

· complete the sentences: The energy you get from sugar lasts … Another word for sugar is… A healthful substitute for sugar is…

Exercise 6. Do you know how to stay healthy?

Anyone who wants to have an active life must stay healthy and strong. It is never too late to start being healthy. There are a few things you should do to stay healthy:

1. Follow a healthy balanced diet.

2. Limit the amount of sugar, salt and fat you eat.

3. Get sufficient exercise to keep a strong body that works well.

4. Get enough rest so that the body may continue doing its work well.

5. Plan regular visits to your doctor and dentist.

There are certain things that are not good for your health:

4. no visits to your doctor and dentist,

6. using drugs improperly,

7. drinking alcohol.

Here are some dietary guidelines:

1. Eat a variety of foods.

2. Maintain healthy weight.

3. Choose a diet low in fat, saturated fat and cholesterol.

4. Choose a diet with plenty of vegetables, fruits and grain products.

5. Use sugars only in moderation.

6. Use salt and sodium only in moderation.

7.If you drink alcoholic beverages, do so in moderation.

Exercise 7**. What do they do good or not good for their health?

1. Alex jogs or swims every day for at least half an hour.

2. Ann is usually rushed at lunch, so she just eats a candy bar and drinks a soft drink.

3. Julia works at night. She often gets only five hours of sleep a day.

4. Mike doesn’t like to cook. He often drinks beer when he is hungry.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Переведите, проанализируйте употребление модальных глаголов.

1. Who is to answer my question?

2. Nobody could translate this text.

3. Must I attend this meeting? — No, you needn’t.

4. You should have shown your notes to the teacher.

5. I asked him, but he wouldn’t listen to me.

6. You should not have used that sort of meat for this dish.

7. Last summer we would often go to the country.

8. Your son could do this work himself.

9. Would you tell me the way to the station?

10. Your friend might have informed us.

11. May I leave for a while? — Yes, you may.

12. She should be more attentive to her parents.

13. You needn’t come so early.

14. We have to stay at home because the weather is too bad.

15. He was allowed to take this book.

16. Who is able to do this work?

17.The train is to come soon.

Exercise 2. Завершите диалоги. Дайте утвердительный или отрицательный ответ.

Образец: — Can you help те? — Yes, I can./No, / can’t.

1. May I take that chair? —.

2. Can I have a dinner here? —.

3. Can you bring me a drink? —.

4. May I have the menu card? —.

5. Shall I bring you the dessert right now? —.

Exercise 3.Переведите предложения. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу модальными глаголами must, should, would, ought to, needn’t, can, could, may.

4. Payment. be made by check.

10. You. work hard at your English.

14. She. not speak any foreign language. She speaks Russian only.

Exercise 4.Замените модальные глаголы соответствующими эквивалентами.

1. We must meet at 7 o’clock as we planned before.

2. That waiter cannot speak English.

3. Mary can cook well.

4. You must come in time.

5. We must receive and serve our guests very well.

6. You must not smoke here.

7. Must they come early every day?

8. Must I serve the dinner for you now?

9. He couldn’t explain anything.

10. Can you swim?

11. You may take these books.

12. The train must arrive at 10 according to the time-table.

Exercise 5.Переведите предложения па английский язык, используя модальные глаголы или их заменители.

· Вчера мне пришлось обслужить все эти столики.

· Можно мне курить здесь? — Нет, нельзя.

· Вам следует помочь вашему другу. Он не может делать работу сам.

· Вам пришлось остаться дома, потому что была плохая погода?

· Вам следовало бы заказать это блюдо.

· Я рад, что мне не пришлось заканчивать эту работу вчера.

· Я не люблю рано вставать, но иногда мне приходится.

· Ты должен накрыть стол для шести гостей.

· Вам не нужно ждать заказа. Вы можете взять любое блюдо, какое хотите.

· Я не мог пойти домой, я должен был вымыть посуду.

Comprehensive Reading

Text A. Vegetarianism

Some people eat no meat. A meatless diet is growing more and more popular. Researchers discover the health benefits of meat-free eating.

What is a vegetarian?By definition, vegetarianism prohibits the consumption of meat or fish, but some diets are more restrictive than other.

Demi- or semi-vegetarians eat fish and sometimes chicken, but not red meat.

Ovo-lacto-vegetarians include milk and eggs in their diet but not meat or fish.

Lacto-vegetarians have milk and yogurt, as well as cheese made with vegetarian rennet, but no meat, fish or eggs.

Vegans do not eat any animal products at all, banning meat, fish, milk and eggs from their diets.

Fruitarians exclude pulses and cereals from the diet as well as allfoods of animal origin. Fruitarians eat only fruit, honey, nuts and nut oils

Macrobiotic followers have a diet consisting of ten different levels which become progressively more restrictive. At first, animal foods are excluded, then fruit and vegetables as well. At the final “purist” level only brown rice is eaten.

The Health Benefits. On the whole, vegetarians follow current healthy eating guidelines. Because they don’t eat meat, a prime source of saturated fat, vegetarians take in less total fat, as well as more fibre, in the form of fresh fruits, vegetables and wholegrain cereals. These foods are also good sources of beta carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E, which are antioxidant nutrients and may protect the body from disease.

A research team at Oxford University has collected information on the health and mortality of more than 6,000 vegetarians and a control group of more than 5,000 meat-eating individuals. The study revealed significant differences between the two groups. For example, in contrast to meat-eaters, vegetarians have a 39 percent lower risk of dying from cancer. The study’s research team also found that the risk of heart disease was 24 per cent lower in vegetarians and 57 per cent lower in vegans than in regular meat-eaters.

Task One. Подберите русские эквиваленты к следующим английским словосочетаниям и выражениям:a meatless diet, health benefits, meat-free eating, by definition, consumption of meat or fish, ovo-lacto-vegetarians, lacto-vegetarians, exclude pulses and cereals, healthy eating guidelines, wholegrain cereals, good sources of beta carotene, antioxidant nutrients, the risk of heart disease, regular meat-eaters.

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Read and translate the following text.

Would you Like to Become a Fruitarian

In many countries, the number of vegetarians, people who cut out meat and fish from their diets, is growing. Susie Miller has gone a few stages further; she’s a fruitarian – a diet not recommended for most people.

This is what she tells about her diet. “I have my breakfast at about eight o’clock. Yesterday this consisted of two apples, an orange and four tomatoes; I like a big breakfast. I don’t drink anything during the day such as tea or water as I fid I get all the fluid I need from my diet. After breakfast I take the children to school and then go to the gym until eleven. I work out every day. After this morning’s session I had a snack of a couple of apples and a small bunch of seedless grapes.

I then went home and did some work. I run an organization called Fresh Network, which is a support and information network on the raw food lifestyle, and every three months we produce a newsletter. The organisation provides information on the benefits of raw food for health.

I quite often take lunch upstairs with me to eat while I’m working. Yesterday I had about 12 tomatoes, half a lettuce and then a couple of apples and orange. Some people think I have an incredibly boring diet but this isn’t the case. Because I only eat raw food, this heightens my senses and so I find my diet wonderfully exciting.

I make sure my children have freedom of choice about what they eat. I certainly don’t force them to eat raw food but just teach them the goodness of it. If they feel like cooked food, I’ll prepare them a vegetarian meal.

I don’t like to eat food too late; it doesn’t seem to agree with me. I usually have a final snack at about eight in the evening of a couple of apples, and that’s it.

I’m very unusual for a raw food eater as I don’t eat nuts, seeds etc. My body is extremely sensitive and I find I no longer need those things. I‘ve been a fruitarian for about three and half years and don’t miss anything. People think I have a strong willpower. But it’s not really anything to do with that. Generally speaking, I don’t want to.

In winter I might have a bit of steamed vegetables once or twice a week and I usually eat more at that time of a year than in summer. Occasionally I get longings – a strong desire for something else. Last winter, for example, I had a few baked potatoes but my body felt so strange after eating them I haven’t wanted them since.

It’s not that you can’t eat certain things, you just find the diet to suit you. There are in fact no rules – everyone works out their own. And I’ve found a regime that I’m comfortable with. But it’s my regime and I don’t recommended it for anybody else.”

Choose the best explanation of the underlined phrases taken from the text.

1. Susie Miller has gone a few stages further.

a) Susie has chosen a very rare diet;

b) Susie’s food preferences make her unique;

c) Susie diet is stricter than that of most vegetarians.

2. I run an organization called Fresh Network…

a) Susie is the head of the company;

b) Susie is a member of organization;

c) Susie is an employee at the organization.

3. Because I only eat raw food, this heightens my senses…

a) Susie becomes more sensible;

b) Susie becomes more sensitive;

c) Susie becomes elated.

4. If they feel like cooked food, I’ll prepare them a vegetarian meal.

a) If it necessary for them to eat cooked food, …;

b) If they are not against cooked food, …;

c) If they want to have cooked food, ….;

5. I don’t like to eat food too late; it doesn’t seem to agree with me.

a) It’s against Susie principles;

b) She doesn’t feel well after it;

c) It is against the rules of the diet.

Express your opinion on the following questions.

1. What do you think of Susie’s diet?

2. Do you think she has and will have many followers?

3. Would most doctors approve of Susie’s diet? Why? Why not?

4. What are advantages and disadvantages of her diet?

5. Do you think people who want to follow Susie’s diet need a strong willpower? Why? Why not?

6. Why do you think Susie doesn’t recommend her regime to other people?

7. Do you think Susie’s children when they grow up would thank her for making them vegetarians? Why? Why not?

ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАНЯТТЯ № 5

Тема. Їжа. Способи приготування їжі

Ways of Cooking

Мета: розібрати нові лексичні одиниці, які необхідні при перекладі рецептів та способів приготування їжі.

Topical Vocabulary

Ways of cutting: chop, dice, grate, fillet, snip, mince (grind AE), peel, shred, slice, carve, skewer.

Ways of food preparation: beat, dip, mix, drain, mash, stuff, squeeze, core, soak, rinse, stir, roll, grind, knead, roll out, sift, whip, ice.

Ingredients: batter, cream, dough, flour, egg whites, egg yolks, butter cream, filling, confectionary sugar, icing.

Cultural Comparison. Read the following text.

Do you know what to eat in Britain? The Health Education Authority asked a number of people in Britain what sort of meals and snacks they eat regularly. Here are the most common replies to the survey.

ENGLISH MEALS

The most popular choices are: a bowl of cornflakes and a cup of tea, a bowl of muesli and fresh orange juice, a piece of toast with marmalade, a yoghurt and fresh fruit with black coffee or tea. The traditional British breakfast is a cooked meal of bacon, eggs and sausages, preceded by cereal or fruit and followed by toast. Nowadays, this large meal is served mainly in hotels and is very popular with foreign visitors. Britons eat this big breakfast at weekends or on special occasions but prefer a smaller, healthier meal to start a normal day.

Snacks and Lunches

Dinner and Take-Aways

4. Speak with your partner, decide what sort of meals and snacks Ukrainian people eat regularly. Make a list of the most popular dishes.

ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАНЯТТЯ № 6

Тема. Погода та клімат

Weather and Climate

Мета: розібрати нові лексичні одиниці, які необхідні при веденні розмови про погоду та клімат.

Topical Vocabulary

Weather in General: blizzard, blustery, breeze, downpour, flood, forked lightning, gale, hurricane, mist, overcast, parched, sleet, storm, wind.

Kinds of weather: bad, beastly, bleak, bright, broken, dull, fair, fine, foul, good, hazy, overcast, rotten, rough.

1. Read the weather forecast below and find in the text the words meaning: recently, spreading, a bit, spell of rain, plentiful, building up, period of time.

Tomorrow, most of England and Wales will have a fine and dry day, but cloud, and rain will be moving across Ireland and western Scotland. Tuesday will be mainly fine in most parts of UK, while on Wednesday it will be warm with rain or showers in the west.

There will be a scattering of showers developing during the morning, but these will be mainly to the east of the UK. Otherwise many western areas should stay dry and bright with sunny spells. Even to the east where showers are likely, there will be still sunny spells in between. Showers will be most abundant during the afternoon, but again mainly in eastern areas and still with bright or sunny spells in between. West and northwest England, Wales, western Scotland and Northern Ireland should all stay mainly fine and dry. The wind only be a light, mainly westerly, so in the sunshine it will feel warm with temperatures just a shade above normal, still warmer than of late.

2. Write down tomorrow’s weather forecast for Ukraine.

3. Cultural Comparison. Read and translate the following text.

British Weather and Mood

The English are said to be obsessed by the weather, and with the unpredictable weather they have to face daily, it is not surprising. And, of course, one’s moods are bound to be affected by this constant change.

One might feel depressed for days if the sky is overcast, and the sun fails to break through the clouds. In just the same way, rain can put you in a bad mood. Although the winter is not normally very cold, it is the damp that makes you moody.

However, when the sun shines your mood lifts. A rainbow after a storm can make you feel extremely optimistic. A spring breeze can be refreshing, and a sunny day can make you feel lively.

There’s nothing like an English summer to cheer you up. With clear blue skies and cotton wool clouds you can feel on top of the world.

Now read extracts from several weather forecasts and tell what mood the English are likely to have on these days.

«. Good evening, my name is Ian Fish. The good news today is that the weather will be better- than yesterday, with less rain and more sunshine. The temperature ‘will be a few degrees higher, but will drop again from the early evening onwards, getting as low as 2 degrees Celsius. The weather tomorrow will continue to be unsettled, with showers throughout the day. There should be a few sunny periods, but later in the afternoon the showers will be replaced with heavier, more prolonged rain, which will die out later in the evening. Drivers on Sunday will be hampered by thick fog and very poor visibility. As the temperature drops, there may also be patches of black sleet on the roads, and we advise against travelling unless it is absolutely necessary. Later, rain will turn to snow and possibly ice on higher ground. Have a good weekend, whatever the weather, wherever you are!»

ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАНЯТТЯ № 7

Тема. Bиди опадів

Types of Precipitations

Мета: розібрати нові лексичні одиниці, які є необхідними при перекладі прогнозів погоди та при веденні розмови про погоду.

Topical Vocabulary

Rain: cloudburst, deluge, down, pour, drizzle, raindrop, rainfall, shower, The Deluge, torrent.

Other: flurry, frost, hail, hoar (frost), sleet, slush, snow, snow cover, snowfall, snowflake, wintry.

Characterizing Precipitation: driving, raging, relentless, rough, severe.

Verbs to describe actions during natural disasters: be lost, bear the burden, burst (the banks), cut off, evacuate, flee, go down, go missing, hit, overflow, strike, switch over, trigger, urge.

Some nouns to describe the natural disaster: displaced flood victim, emergency crew, flood warning, imminent danger, landslide, merchant mariner, property, prospect.