Are the units that measure how much energy you get from food

count calories

1 count calories

2 calorie

empty calories — «пустые» калории (в пище, имеющей низкую питательную ценность)

См. также в других словарях:

calories — n. 1) to count calories 2) to burn calories 3) empty calories (in junk food) * * * to bum calories to count calories empty calories (in junk food) … Combinatory dictionary

count — count1 [ kaunt ] verb *** ▸ 1 say how many there are ▸ 2 say numbers in order ▸ 3 include in calculation ▸ 4 be important ▸ 5 treat/consider as something ▸ + PHRASES 1. ) intransitive or transitive to calculate how many people or things there are … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

count — I UK [kaʊnt] / US verb Word forms count : present tense I/you/we/they count he/she/it counts present participle counting past tense counted past participle counted *** 1) [intransitive/transitive] to calculate how many people or things there are… … English dictionary

keep count (of something) — phrase to remember or record a number as it changes over a period of time keep count (of something) of: Try to keep count of how many calories you eat over a week. Thesaurus: to memorize something, or to try to remember somethingsynonym… … Useful english dictionary

calorie count — number of calories in a particular food or dish … English contemporary dictionary

calorie — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ excess, extra ▪ empty ▪ Alcohol has a lot of empty calories. ▪ daily ▪ total … Collocations dictionary

calorie — cal|o|rie [ kæləri ] noun count * 1. ) a unit for measuring how much energy you get from food. People who are worried about getting fat pay a lot of attention to the number of calories in their food: How many calories are there in a slice of… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

calorie */ — UK [ˈkælərɪ] / US noun [countable] Word forms calorie : singular calorie plural calories 1) a unit for measuring how much energy you get from food. People who are worried about getting fat pay a lot of attention to the number of calories in their … English dictionary

calorie — [[t]kæ̱ləri[/t]] calories N COUNT Calories are units used to measure the energy value of food. People who are on diets try to eat food that does not contain many calories. → See also calorie A glass of wine does have quite a lot of calories.… … English dictionary

Webdiet — Infobox Company company name=WebDiet, Inc. company type=Private start up foundation= location city=Henderson, Nevada location country=USA key people=Wendell Brown, Craig Gold industry= homepage= [http://www.webdiet.com/ webdiet.com] WebDiet is a… … Wikipedia

calorie — /ˈkæləri / (say kaluhree), /ˈkeɪləri/ (say kayluhree) noun 1. a. Also, gram calorie, small calorie. a non SI unit of measurement for quantity of heat, originally defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of… … Australian-English dictionary

Learning About Calories

When people talk about the calories in food, what do they mean? A calorie is a unit of measurement — but it doesn’t measure weight or length. A calorie is a unit of energy. When you hear something contains 100 calories, it’s a way of describing how much energy your body could get from eating or drinking it.

Are Calories Bad for You?

Calories aren’t bad for you. Your body needs calories for energy. But eating too many calories — and not burning enough of them off through activity — can lead to weight gain.

Most foods and drinks contain calories. Some foods, such as lettuce, contain few calories (1 cup of shredded lettuce has less than 10 calories). Other foods, like peanuts, contain a lot of calories (½ cup of peanuts has over 400 calories).

Some people watch their calories if they are trying to lose weight. Most kids don’t need to do this, but all kids can benefit from eating a healthy, balanced diet that includes the right number of calories — not too many, not too few. But how do you know how many calories you need?

How Many Calories Do Kids Need?

Kids come in all sizes and each person’s body burns energy (calories) at different rates, so there isn’t one perfect number of calories that every kid should eat. But there is a recommended range for most kids between 6 and 12 years old: 1,600 to 2,200 per day, depending on how active they are.

When they reach puberty, girls need more calories than before, but they tend to need fewer calories than boys. As boys enter puberty, they may need as many as 2,500 to 3,000 calories per day, especially if they are very active. But whether they are girls or boys, kids who are active and move around a lot need more calories than kids who don’t.

If you eat more calories than you need, the body changes extra calories to fat. Too much fat can lead to being overweight and other health problems. Only your doctor can say if you are overweight, so check with him or her if you’re concerned. And never go on a diet without talking to your doctor!.

High-calorie foods — such as sugary sodas, candy, and fast food — quickly add up to too many calories. Instead, eat a healthy, balanced diet. Exercising and playing are really important, too, because physical activity burns calories.

How the Body Uses Calories

Your body needs calories just to operate — to keep your heart beating and your lungs breathing. As a kid, your body also needs calories and nutrients from a variety of foods to grow and develop. And you burn off some calories without even thinking about it — by walking your dog or making your bed.

But it is a great idea to play and be active for an 1 hour or more every day. That means time spent playing sports, playing outside, or riding your bike. It all adds up. Being active every day keeps your body strong and can help you maintain a healthy weight.

Watching TV and playing video games won’t burn many calories at all, which is why you should limit those activities to no more than 2 hours per day. A person burns only about 1 calorie per minute while watching TV, about the same as sleeping!

How Do Food Manufacturers Calculate the Calorie Count of Packaged Foods?

Jim Painter, an assistant professor of food science and human nutrition at the University of Illinois, explains

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In order to answer this question, it helps to define a calorie. A calorie is a unit that is used to measure energy. The Calorie you see on a food package is actually a kilocalorie, or 1,000 calories. A Calorie (kcal) is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius. Sometimes the energy content of food is expressed in kilojoules (kj), a metric unit. One kcal equals 4.184 kj. So the Calorie on a food package is 1,000 times larger than the calorie used in chemistry and physics.

The original method used to determine the number of kcals in a given food directly measured the energy it produced.The food was placed in a sealed container surrounded by water—an apparatus known as a bomb calorimeter. The food was completely burned and the resulting rise in water temperature was measured. This method is not frequently used today.

The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 (NLEA) currently dictates what information is presented on food labels. The NLEA requires that the Calorie level placed on a packaged food be calculated from food components. According to the National Data Lab (NDL), most of the calorie values in the USDA and industry food tables are based on an indirect calorie estimation made using the so-called Atwater system. In this system, calories are not determined directly by burning the foods. Instead, the total caloric value is calculated by adding up the calories provided by the energy-containing nutrients: protein, carbohydrate, fat and alcohol. Because carbohydrates contain some fiber that is not digested and utilized by the body, the fiber component is usually subtracted from the total carbohydrate before calculating the calories.

The Atwater system uses the average values of 4 Kcal/g for protein, 4 Kcal/g for carbohydrate, and 9 Kcal/g for fat. Alcohol is calculated at 7 Kcal/g. (These numbers were originally determined by burning and then averaging.) Thus the label on an energy bar that contains 10 g of protein, 20 g of carbohydrate and 9 g of fat would read 201 kcals or Calories. A complete discussion of this subject and the calories contained in more than 6,000 foods may be found on the National Data Lab web site at http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/. At this site you can also download the food database to a handheld computer. Another online tool that allows the user to total the calorie content of several foods is the Nutrition Analysis Tool at http://www.nat.uiuc.edu.

Answer originally posted on May 19, 2003.

Energy Basics

In this lesson, we’ll discuss the meaning and measurement of basic physics concepts that apply to hydraulic systems: energy, force, work, power, torque, and horsepower.

isn’t a physical thing you can touch. It’s not like a photon or electron. It’s just a term we use to describe the qualities of an object, just like the terms color or warmth.

When we say that an object has energy, we’re talking about how much the object can change, or how it is changing.

There are many different kinds of energy.

These different kinds of energy refer to how the object can change itself, or change other things around it.

Energy can be transferred between physical systems.

For example: when chemical energy from diesel fuel is converted to kinetic energy in an engine, some of the energy is lost as heat and noise.

The heat and noise are because they aren’t doing useful work.

The perfect engine would be silent and cool to the touch. But in the everyday world, no system is perfect. All the systems we see around us have some lost energy due to friction.

Thanks to friction, the useful output energy will always be less than the input energy.

But if you add up the output energy, plus the lost energy, it will always equal the input energy.

Input Energy = Output Energy + Lost Energy

The says that energy can change from one form to another, but energy is never created or destroyed. Every last bit of energy always ends up somewhere.

The of a system is a measure of how much output energy you get compared to your input energy. The more efficient the system, the more energy is applied to useful work, and the less energy is lost.

One of the major advantages of hydraulic systems is the ability to transfer energy over long distances while minimizing the amount of energy lost.

Hydraulic systems can be very efficient, if they are well designed and well maintained.

Force

Let’s start with an example.

A train is heading west, moving really fast.

The train suddenly crashes into a giant boulder! Whoa.

What’s the boulder going to do?

What’s the train going to do?

When they collided, the train exerted a on the boulder. The train transferred energy to the boulder, and the boulder started moving.

So what exactly is a force? It’s an interaction between two objects that can change how they move.

Multiple forces can act on an object all at the same time.

Here are some of the forces present in this hydraulic forklift, affecting the up-and-down motion of the load.

If an object stays still, or keeps moving at exactly the same speed, then all the forces acting on it are balanced. If an object speeds up, slows down, or changes direction, then there are unbalanced forces acting on it.

To figure out the strength of a force acting on an object, you need to know two things.

Force = Mass x Acceleration

Force = 2500 kg x 9.81 m/s 2

Force = 24525 kg·m/s 2

Force = 24525 newtons

The is the unit of measurement for the strength of a force — how fast the force could make a certain amount of mass speed up, slow down, or change direction.

Torque

Torque is how we measure the strength of a rotational force.

There are a few different ways to create a rotational force. The most common way is a linear force applied to one end of a lever arm (like a wrench or pliers), which turns an object at the other end of the lever arm (like a nut or bolt).

To calculate the torque in this example, multiply together the strength of the linear force and the length of the lever arm.

Torque = Force x Arm Length

Torque = 15 newtons x 0.2 meters

Torque = 3 newton-meters

Torque strength is measured in newton-meters — how many newtons of force, and how many meters away from the center of rotation the force is applied.

Imperial Units

Torque = Force x Length

Torque = 30 pounds-force x 0.5 feet

Torque = 15 pound-feet

Sometimes people say «pound-feet», other times people say «foot-pounds», or «pounds-feet» or «feet-pounds». These all mean the same thing. But sometimes, people just say «pounds», as in «900 pounds of torque» — that’s bad because it’s confusing. Stick to «pound-feet».

When a force is applied to an object, and that object changes how it’s moving, then the object gained or lost some energy. is the measurement of how much energy has been transferred to or from the object.

If a force is applied to an object, and that object does not change, then no energy was transferred, and no work is done.

To figure out the amount of work done when a force moves an object, you need to know two things.

Force = Mass x Acceleration

Force = 15kg x 10 m/s 2

Force = 150 newtons

Work = Force x Distance

Work = 150 newtons x 4 meters

Work = 600 joules

The joule is the unit we use to measure work (the transfer of energy), but it’s also the unit we use to measure the total amount of energy an object possesses. For example, the amount of energy in food or diesel fuel is sometimes measured in joules.

Power

The «watt» is named after James Watt, the inventor of the steam engine.

Power = Work ÷ Time

Power = 600 joules ÷ 30 seconds

Power = 20 watts

If two identical objects are moved the same distance, but at different rates, the same amount of work is still being done to each.

Remember, this is because work does not take time into account.

But the amount of power being used will be very different!

Horsepower

How did people decide on that meaning? Was there some scientific process? Nope. They just picked a number that seemed reasonable, and called it a day.

To figure out the horsepower needed to drive a hydraulic system, you need to know the system pressure and the volumetric flow rate of the pump.

Since this calculation is most commonly done in imperial units, that’s what we’ll use in our example here.

Recap

This lesson introduced some basic, but important, physics concepts that relate to hydraulics.

How Many Calories Should I Eat to Lose Weight?

The single most important factor for weight loss is calorie control, period. It is basic biology and also physics. If you eat fewer calories than your body needs you will lose weight. But how can you learn exactly how many calories you need each day?

Here is everything you need to understand calorie control and estimate your exact calorie needs for weight loss.

Calories Explained

At the most basic level, your body runs off energy in the form of calories from foods and beverages. Calories = energy. And you need this energy to fuel your daily needs and to just plain survive. If you stop eating calories, you will eventually die.

Creating a Calorie Deficit

If the amount of calories you eat is equal to the number of calories you burn, you will maintain your current weight. If you eat less, you will use more reserve fuels for energy and lose fat and muscle weight. And if you eat more, you store more reserve fuel and gain muscle and/or fat. This is the calorie balance equation for weight management: calories in versus calories out.

There is no pill, special diet or food that is able to hack your metabolism and change this basic formula. No matter how much fat or how many calories you burn for fuel, you cannot lose weight or lose fat unless you eat less than what you burn through a consistent calorie deficit.

What is a Calorie?

When it comes to nutrition, there is no single discovery more valuable than a calorie as it relates to energy intake and expenditure. Calories allow us to quantify our food, compare different foods and manage individual nutrition and fitness needs. But what exactly is a calorie?

Technically speaking, a calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1 degree Celsius. Or in other words, it is a unit of measurement that tells us how much energy is in our food. Initially, calories were measured by placing a food item in a sealed container and submerging it in water or burning the food. Today, calories are estimated using the food macronutrient breakdown, or in other words, the number of carbs, fat, and protein a food contains (2).

Calories have long been used as a measurement of heat, dating back to the early 1800s. But what we know and recognize as a food calorie today was not established until sometime around the 20th century (3). To this day, calories remain the most efficient way to measure energy intake and output, and the best way we know of to directly affect weight management.

Macros = Calories

Because macros play a role in your health and energy intake, tracking your macros is an efficient way to count calories and balance your nutrition intake.

Micronutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, also play a role in overall health and weight management but they do not directly contribute to calorie intake. In other words, you don’t get any calories from the vitamins and minerals that you eat or drink.

Even though many micronutrients are involved in metabolic processes that help you get energy and can sometimes make you feel more energetic (I’m looking at you B12), they cannot increase your energy alone; you still need calories from macros for this.

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How Many Calories Do You Need?

Your daily needs are made up of four major components, BMR, NEAT, TEA and TEF. Together, these comprise your total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), which is a fancy way of saying how many calories you burn each day based on your lifestyle, physical activity, and personal needs.

BMR: What is Basal Metabolic Rate?

Your BMR is directly related to your body weight. The more you weigh, the higher it is.

TEA and NEAT: Activity Energy Expenditure

Increasing your activity level through fitness or daily movements is the easiest path to burning more calories each day.

What is TEF?

Your total daily energy expenditure is also affected by something called the thermic effect of food (TEF), also called diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT). TEF or DIT accounts for only a small portion, 10% of your total TDEE, but it is still worth noting.

Because TEF is such a small portion of your TDEE, it is not necessary to consider when calculating your overall calorie needs. But it may still be an important factor when considering what to eat for weight loss.

Calculate Your TDEE

You can easily get your TDEE using an online calorie calculator. Or estimate your needs using an activity factor (AF) and known BMR.

Based on how active or sedentary you are each day, use one of the following, or perhaps somewhere in between:

Simply multiply your selected activity factor and BMR together to get your TDEE.

TDEE = BMR x AF

How Many Calories to Lose Weight?

I know what you’re thinking, cutting as many calories as possible is the best way to quick weight loss. But trust me on this, you are going to be much happier and more successful in the long run if you only cut 15 to 20% of your calories or less. Starving yourself might work temporarily, but it certainly isn’t going to be sustainable or even enjoyable for that matter. And you may end up gaining all the weight back and then some.

Additionally, don’t just jump to any arbitrary number you see on the web, Just because 1,200 calories is a popular plan doesn’t mean its right for you. Remember, your calorie goals are highly personalized.

Start with one of the following for at least three weeks and then reassess your needs:

Sustainable Weight Loss = TDEE x 0.85

Fast Weight Loss = TDEE x 0.8

If you find that after dieting for some time, you are no longer losing weight, it might just be time to give yourself a break. Take a couple of weeks off your diet and let your calories creep up just a little. If you’ve lost some weight, you probably have to recalculate a new TDEE to maintain your new normal. And then after a little bit of time adjusting, you can get back to cutting calories until you reach your goal weight.

Whatever you do, don’t rush it or push your body too hard. Remember this is survival fuel we are talking about here. And your personal wellbeing is just as, if not more, important than the number on the scale. You will reach your goals, you will make progress and you will see results, you just need to be consistent and give yourself time.

How Many Calories Are in a Pound?

Wondering how much you need to cut in order to lose one pound? Well, there are roughly 3,500 calories in a pound of fat, so you would need to cut this amount from your diet through food or exercise to lose one pound.

How to Make Your Calories Count

Weight loss is a numbers game, but there are a few things you can try to make your journey more bearable and give you even better results by either focusing on portion sizes, the types of foods you are choosing, getting your mental health in check, and opting for the most efficient forms of exercise for weight loss.

Your body needs energy to live, but you also need good nutrition to live well, and longer. While the quantity of what you eat will determine overall weight loss, gain or maintenance, the quality of what you eat also plays an important role.

The overall balance and nutrition of your diet can affect the type of weight you lose, gain or maintain. If your macro balance is out of whack, you could be storing more fat or losing muscle mass, which can hinder your overall efforts.

In addition, eating more nutrient-dense foods may help you control hunger (5). When your body is not getting the nutrition you need or is deficient in key nutrients, it signals to your brain that you need to keep eating, regardless of how much you’ve eaten.

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