Git how to pull remote branch
Git how to pull remote branch
Git how to pull remote branch
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SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
More precisely, git pull runs git fetch with the given parameters and then depending on configuration options or command line flags, will call either git rebase or git merge to reconcile diverging branches.
should be the name of a remote repository as passed to git-fetch[1]. can name an arbitrary remote ref (for example, the name of a tag) or even a collection of refs with corresponding remote-tracking branches (e.g., refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*), but usually it is the name of a branch in the remote repository.
Assume the following history exists and the current branch is » master «:
Then » git pull » will fetch and replay the changes from the remote master branch since it diverged from the local master (i.e., E ) until its current commit ( C ) on top of master and record the result in a new commit along with the names of the two parent commits and a log message from the user describing the changes.
See git-merge[1] for details, including how conflicts are presented and handled.
If any of the remote changes overlap with local uncommitted changes, the merge will be automatically canceled and the work tree untouched. It is generally best to get any local changes in working order before pulling or stash them away with git-stash[1].
OPTIONS
This is passed to both underlying git-fetch to squelch reporting of during transfer, and underlying git-merge to squelch output during merging.
This option controls if new commits of populated submodules should be fetched, and if the working trees of active submodules should be updated, too (see git-fetch[1], git-config[1] and gitmodules[5]).
If the checkout is done via rebase, local submodule commits are rebased as well.
If the update is done via merge, the submodule conflicts are resolved and checked out.
Options related to merging
In addition to branch names, populate the log message with one-line descriptions from at most actual commits that are being merged. See also git-fmt-merge-msg[1]. Only useful when merging.
Add a Signed-off-by trailer by the committer at the end of the commit log message. The meaning of a signoff depends on the project to which you’re committing. For example, it may certify that the committer has the rights to submit the work under the project’s license or agrees to some contributor representation, such as a Developer Certificate of Origin. (See http://developercertificate.org for the one used by the Linux kernel and Git projects.) Consult the documentation or leadership of the project to which you’re contributing to understand how the signoffs are used in that project.
Show a diffstat at the end of the merge. The diffstat is also controlled by the configuration option merge.stat.
Only useful when merging.
Pass merge strategy specific option through to the merge strategy.
Verify that the tip commit of the side branch being merged is signed with a valid key, i.e. a key that has a valid uid: in the default trust model, this means the signing key has been signed by a trusted key. If the tip commit of the side branch is not signed with a valid key, the merge is aborted.
Only useful when merging.
Automatically create a temporary stash entry before the operation begins, record it in the special ref MERGE_AUTOSTASH and apply it after the operation ends. This means that you can run the operation on a dirty worktree. However, use with care: the final stash application after a successful merge might result in non-trivial conflicts.
By default, git merge command refuses to merge histories that do not share a common ancestor. This option can be used to override this safety when merging histories of two projects that started their lives independently. As that is a very rare occasion, no configuration variable to enable this by default exists and will not be added.
Only useful when merging.
When true, rebase the current branch on top of the upstream branch after fetching. If there is a remote-tracking branch corresponding to the upstream branch and the upstream branch was rebased since last fetched, the rebase uses that information to avoid rebasing non-local changes.
When false, merge the upstream branch into the current branch.
Options related to fetching
Fetch all remotes.
Use an atomic transaction to update local refs. Either all refs are updated, or on error, no refs are updated.
Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to exclude commits reachable from a specified remote branch or tag. This option can be specified multiple times.
If the source repository is complete, convert a shallow repository to a complete one, removing all the limitations imposed by shallow repositories.
If the source repository is shallow, fetch as much as possible so that the current repository has the same history as the source repository.
By default, Git will report, to the server, commits reachable from all local refs to find common commits in an attempt to reduce the size of the to-be-received packfile. If specified, Git will only report commits reachable from the given tips. This is useful to speed up fetches when the user knows which local ref is likely to have commits in common with the upstream ref being fetched.
This option may be specified more than once; if so, Git will report commits reachable from any of the given commits.
The argument to this option may be a glob on ref names, a ref, or the (possibly abbreviated) SHA-1 of a commit. Specifying a glob is equivalent to specifying this option multiple times, one for each matching ref name.
Show what would be done, without making any changes.
When git fetch is used with : refspec it may refuse to update the local branch as discussed in the part of the git-fetch[1] documentation. This option overrides that check.
Keep downloaded pack.
Modify the configured refspec to place all refs into the refs/prefetch/ namespace. See the prefetch task in git-maintenance[1].
Number of parallel children to be used for all forms of fetching.
Typically, parallel recursive and multi-remote fetches will be faster. By default fetches are performed sequentially, not in parallel.
Use IPv4 addresses only, ignoring IPv6 addresses.
Use IPv6 addresses only, ignoring IPv4 addresses.
The «remote» repository that is the source of a fetch or pull operation. This parameter can be either a URL (see the section GIT URLS below) or the name of a remote (see the section REMOTES below).
tag means the same as refs/tags/ :refs/tags/ ; it requests fetching everything up to the given tag.
The remote ref that matches is fetched, and if is not an empty string, an attempt is made to update the local ref that matches it.
Unlike when pushing with git-push[1], there is no configuration which’ll amend these rules, and nothing like a pre-fetch hook analogous to the pre-receive hook.
GIT URLS
In general, URLs contain information about the transport protocol, the address of the remote server, and the path to the repository. Depending on the transport protocol, some of this information may be absent.
Git supports ssh, git, http, and https protocols (in addition, ftp, and ftps can be used for fetching, but this is inefficient and deprecated; do not use it).
The native transport (i.e. git:// URL) does no authentication and should be used with caution on unsecured networks.
The following syntaxes may be used with them:
How to pull from a different remote branch in git
I am trying to pull from one of branch in remote named «front» to a branch named «back»:
But i am getting error message like,
What should I do now? Thanks in advance..
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git remote add origin git@github.com:user/repo.git
git pull origin front
git merge front
The other answers do a great job explaining how to merge branches once you pull or fetch them from the remote. They all assume that your branches have matching names in both repositories, but this is not required by Git.
To have a local branch «back» pull from and push to a remote branch «front», you just need to set up the tracking properly:
will create a new local branch «back» that will pull from remote «front». You can also set up an existing local branch with
The last argument is not necessary if you currently have «back» checked out. See https://stackoverflow.com/a/2286030/2988730 for lots more information on setting up your branches.
It sounds like you’re trying to git merge the two branches together.
Here is the documentation for your convenience: https://git-scm.com/docs/git-merge
Since you’re trying to merge «front» into «back», you need to checkout back. That can be accomplished by using this command: git checkout back
Once you have «back» checked out, just use the merge command to bring the two branches together: git merge front
The command git pull brings down information from the remote repository to update your local repository. It’s not going to pull from any branches, only the branch you have currently checked out. It sounds promising, but it really isn’t.
Take a look at this post to learn more about git pull and git fetch : What is the difference between ‘git pull’ and ‘git fetch’?. It’s a great read!
How to pull remote branch from somebody else’s repo
I’ve got a project hosted on GitHub which somebody has forked. On their fork, they’ve created a new branch «foo» and made some changes. How do I pull their «foo» into a new branch also named «foo» in my repo?
I understand they could submit a pull request to me, but I’d like to initiate this process myself.
Assume the following:
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Response to comments:
Cool 🙂 And if I’d like to make my own changes to that branch, should I create a second local branch «bar» from «foo» and work there instead of directly on my «foo»?
You don’t need to create a new branch, even though I recommend it. You might as well commit directly to foo and have your co-worker pull your branch. But that branch already exists and your branch foo need to be setup as an upstream branch to it:
assuming colin is your repository (a remote to your co-workers repository) defined in similar way:
No, you don’t need to add them as a remote. That would be clumbersome and a pain to do each time.
Grabbing their commits:
Note :ournameforbranch part can be further left off if thinking up a name that doesn’t conflict with one of your own branches is bothersome. In that case, a reference called FETCH_HEAD is available. You can git log FETCH_HEAD to see their commits then do things like cherry-picked to cherry pick their commits.
Pushing it back to them:
Oftentimes, you want to fix something of theirs and push it right back. That’s possible too:
The command for pulling remote branch
Before explaining what is Git pull command and how it works, let me show you a simple command that pulls a remote branch from the Github repository to the local repo.
The command:
The command should fetch content from the set remote repository into the local repo.
If you have not set remote repo or unsure, use this command to check what the current repo is set in Git Bash by this command:
The screenshot below shows current set URLs on Github on my Git Bash:
A step by step guide for creating and pulling a remote branch
If you are a beginner then this guide is particularly for you. In this section, I will show you a step by step for creating an online repository (on Github), adding files and then by using the pull command on Git Bash, we will fetch and download the branch in our local repository – so keep reading.
Creating a repository on Github
This is simple and straight forward – go to Github website, create an account (if you have not already) and you will lead to creating a new repository.
I have created a new repo with the name of tst-pull-2 for our demo.
By default, it contains one branch i.e. master and as I created the repository with a “README” so it also contains this file.
Our pull operation shows some “substance” after we download in our local repository, I have added a few files in the master branch as shown below.
Performing the fetch and merge
While our topic is Git pull, why I used two other command names in above heading? This is because the pull Git command is the combination of fetch and merge commands. I will explain this after completing the pulling command below.
For downloading the remote repo content, run the Git pull command as follows.
Add the remote origin
Use this command to add the origin to our newly created remote repository:
$ git remote add origin “https://github.com/git-test-jaz/tst-pull-2.git”
Change the URL if you are using some other repo.
(For learning more about how to open Git Bash and set path, visit this tutorial)
After adding the origin, let us run the git pull command for downloading the remote repo:
This command should download all files from the remote repo to the local. The Git Bash should display messages like this:
In the graphic, you can see two commands’ output. One is for the git pull command and the other displays the files in the master branch by using $ ls command.
You can see, it is showing all four files as in our remote repository in above graphic.
Similarly, you may go to the local active folder where you started Git Bash and see the local repo. This is what our demo folder “pull-tst” on Windows system contains after running pull command:
So, how git pull command works?
Back to our question, why we used “fetch” and “commit” terms while talking about pull command. The reason is pull command is the combination of fetch and commit commands.
As we ran $ git pull in above section, the pull command executed git fetch and downloaded the content from the remote branch.
This is followed by execution of git merge by pull command.
How about using Pull command for existing repositories?
In the above section, we learned how to create an online repo and pulling its master branch in the local repo by the pull command of Git.
How about making changes in an existing repo/branch in the remote server and then using the pull command.
For example, we added two more image files after performing above operation. For explaining, I also changed the content of demo1.txt file. So, this is how our online repo on Github looks:
If you run this command again on Git Bash:
The following message is displayed:
Similarly, the local folder on Windows system should show the newly added images as well as the updated text file.
Pull without new merge commit
The following pull command downloads / fetches the content of the remote repository. However, it will not create a new merge commit:
Performing pull operation via Git GUI
If you are a fan of GUI rather than using command line then you may also use Git GUI for performing pull remote operation.
However, the GUI for Git does not provide a direct option for executing the pull command (like many other commands). It has menu options for “fetch” and “merge” that you may execute separately.
Follow the instructions below for performing a git pull remote operation via GUI.
Step 1 – Open GUI for Git
First of all, open the GUI from the local repository as shown in the graphic below:
For that, right click after opening the folder content and select the “Git GUI Here” option on the Windows system.
Step 2 – Done with changes in the remote repo?
Before using the GUI, make sure all changes are done in the remote repository. For the example, I have added another image file and also update the “demo1.txt” file content so our Git GUI pull operation downloads and merge two changes. The graphic below shows these two changes:
Step 3 – Performing the fetch operation form Git GUI
Go to the Git GUI and look for the “Remote” on the top menu. Click this and it should show “Fetch From” –> Origin.
As you press this option, a new window should appear and display the progress for changes from the origin.
After green bar appears with the success message, press “Close”.
Until now, only fetch operation is completed. If you look at the look repo folder, it should not display the new image that I added in the remote repository. Also, demo1.txt should not show the recent changes made.
Step 4 – Merge Menu
The final step for completing the pull operation is performing the merge. For that, go to the “Merge” –> “Local Merge” option in top menu or press “Ctrl + M”.
A new window should appear with a few options as shown below:
You may press the “Merge” button or “Visualize” the changes before performing a merge.
As the “Merge” button is pressed, yet a new window appears and displays the progress with the merge complete operation success message.
Close the window and go to the local repository folder again. There, you should see newly added files along with updated changes in the text file.
How to add pull command in Git GUI?
You may add any command in Git GUI by using the “Tools” menu.
For adding the git pull command, go to the Tools –> Add and in the next window that appears, enter the name and command in the text boxes. Enter the pull command there (with branch) and enter a name.
Select appropriate options and press “Add”. If you go to the Tools menu again, it should show the added command in the menu as shown in above graphic.
Why there is no direct pull option in GUI?
While there may be a difference of opinion, this is recommended to perform fetch + merge (step by step) rather than pull operation (fetch/merge together).
The fetch command execution allows you seeing the changes before making actual modifications in the repo.
The pull command might be considered for the “power-users”.
Anyway, if you are comfortable with using the pull command then go ahead with this.
Pull a certain branch from the remote server
The answer to Push branches to Git gives me the error «! [rejected]» and mentions «non fast forward».
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But I get an error «! [rejected]» and something about «non fast forward»
Git is basically doing this:
However, this would not be a fast-forward merge:
To solve your problem, first fetch the remote branch:
Then merge it into your current branch (I’ll assume that’s master ), and fix any merge conflicts:
Simply track your remote branches explicitly and a simple git pull will do just what you want:
The latter is a local operation.
Or even more fitting in with the GitHub documentation on forking:
A safe approach is to create a local branch (i.e. xyz) first and then pull the remote branch into your locals.
Here is the syntax that could pull a remote branch to a local branch.
The best way is:
git fetch will grab the latest list of branches.
Now you can git checkout MyNewBranch
For more info see docs: git fetch
I am not sure I fully understand the problem, but pulling an existing branch is done like this (at least it works for me 🙂
This is assuming that your local branch is created off of the origin/BRANCH.
Simply put, If you want to pull from GitHub the branch the-branch-I-want :
This helped me to get remote branch before merging it into other:
for pulling the branch from GitHub you can use
Make sure that the branch name is exactly the same.
Usually if you have only repo assigned to your code then the gitreponame would be origin.
BranchName should exists into corresponding gitreponame.
you can use following two commands to add or remove repo’s
you may also do
fix merge conflicts if any
-r is for rebase. This will make you branch structure from
This will lead to a cleaner history. Note: In case you have already pushed your other-branch to origin( or any other remote), you may have to force push your branch after rebase.
you can try with
or git fetch to get latest list of branches.
git checkout theBranch //go in to the branch
The Local User Needs to Update Both the Master Branch and the XYZ Branches Separately
None of these posts answers the original question!
How do I pull the branch xyz from the remote server (e.g. GitHub) and merge it into an existing branch xyz in my local repo? The answer to Push branches to Git gives me the error «! [rejected]» and mentions «non fast forward».
If you want to merge a remote xyz branch into a local xyz branch, where both branches exist off a master branch in a remote and local repository, just select or «checkout» the local xyz branch first, then do a «pull» on the same remote branch. Simple!
But, the user got an error! That update did not work. Why?
If this is failing, it has nothing to do with the two xyz branches on remote and local repositories not being able to merge. It sounds like the master branch on the remote repository has been changed with new commits the local repository does not have. The fast-forward message likely means that the xyz branch on the remote repo cannot update the local repo’s xyz branch until the local repo gets all the changes added to its master branch from the remote repo first.
Remember, a pull is just a fetch then merge from a remote repo to your local repo on whatever branch you are currently focused on.
Источники информации:
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/41644776/how-to-pull-from-a-different-remote-branch-in-git
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5884784/how-to-pull-remote-branch-from-somebody-elses-repo
- http://www.jquery-az.com/pull-git-remote-branch/
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1709177/pull-a-certain-branch-from-the-remote-server