How do you usually get to work
How do you usually get to work
How do you usually get to work
Both are natural
A is more common
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How do you get to work?
tvdxer
Senior Member
How do you normally get to work?
I personally use a variety of methods. In the winter, I typically ride with my parents to and back from my place of work (the family business) or drive myself. In the summer, I normally bike down and ride back with my parents (and occasionally make the painful 700-foot climb back).
lampiao
Senior Member
My former workplace was at a 10 minute ride, so I rode the bicylce then, when it was not raining, of course.
My current workplace is in the center of the city;
I used to drive to the subway station, and then take the train to the place. However, fuel prices have increased significantly, and I was spending too much money on petrol, so I decided I needed a cheaper vehicle in terms of fuel consumption. So I got myself a 125cc* motorcycle, and instead of burning nearly 10L of fuel to go 100Km, I’m doing the 100km with around 3,5L.
I have to go a little longer distance, since I’m not taking the subway anymore. Still, it’s worthwhile: One ride to work is (at current fuel prices) cheaper then one subway ticket.
The downside is I have to endure the rain, but it’s bareable.
* the reason I chose 125cc is that this is the lowest category that can run on highways and other special roads.
la reine victoria
Banned
I retired from work, by choice, several years ago. With my two sons grown up and independent, work was simply a ‘hobby’ for me. Any money which I earned was decreed, by my husband, to be mine.
Whilst my husband was alive we travelled around together by car. Only for very lengthy journeys did we travel by train.
Now that I’m on my own, and unable to drive because of an eye condition, I rely on public transport to get me around. My village has only one small convenience store and a post office. Major shopping trips, three miles away, are a 10 minute bus ride (two buses per hour). Sometimes, if the weather is bad or I’m feeling lazy, I ‘phone for a taxi.
Journeys from my island home to destinations on the UK mainland are by bus, ferry and train.
I cycle in the surrounding countryside for pleasure.
GenJen54
Senior Member
My workplace is approximately 12 miles from my house, so I drive. The commute either way takes about seventeen minutes.
Unlike others who live in large cities with concentrated «urban» areas, my city is almost entirely suburban. If I need to go to the mall I drive a car. The dry-cleaners? I drive a car. Doctor? Tailor? Pharmacy? Baker? Drive a car.
The grocery store? That depends. There is a very nice market right around the corner from me and I walk there often in the warmer months if I am not purchasing a great deal. It’s rather pricey, however, so we just shop there for little things.
When I go for my twice-monthly «big trips» to the super-duper discount chain grocery store about five miles from here, I have to take the car.
Our public transportation here is abysmal. Much has been discussed about increasing our bus system, or even adding a «light rail» to decrease traffic on the main city by-ways or «loop» roads. It’s a pipe dream.
blancalaw
Senior Member
nichec
Senior Member
Hummm. it depends a lot on which city I’m. (I’m forced to travel a lot due to my job)
In London and USA, I take public transportations plus walking, this is normally the same case when I’m in Paris, but I also love to take the taxi boat in Paris (La Seine is too beautiful to get tired of. ). In Rome, I usually ask someone who rides a motorcycle to give me a ride. And of course, I take a plane to go to these places
diegodbs
Senior Member
jinti
Senior Member
Hakro
Senior Member
A long time ago I had a friend living in the 5th floor of the same house, and his wife was working in an office on the 1st floor. Once when she was inquired about how to get to work and she answered «elevator», the inquirer didn’t believe her.
I myself go to work walking, all the ten steps from my bedroom to my office (or five steps from the kitchen after the morning coffee).
When I was empoyed in the city of Helsinki (25 kms away) I had to use my car because there were so few bus connections.
Senior Member
I take the subway, public transportation is the easiest way when you travel from Paris to Paris. It takes me 30 minutes to get to work.
I like walking back from work, it’s a 5-km walk so I don’t do it every day. But I usually walk a few stops before taking the subway back home : I like to get some [polluted] air after a day at the office.
(I never walk to work though, or I should get up earlier and that’s not an option )
tigger_uhuhu
Senior Member
En la ciudad de México, manejar es un caos, ciertamente. Pero muchos de nosotros preferimos manejar que usar el transporte público, aunque es relativamente económico es muy ineficiente e insuficiente. En las horas pico podrías salir lastimado mientras tratas de abordar el autobús, la gente se empuja, golpea, todo con tal de subir en él. Luego imagínate ir en un lugar con más o menos 40 personas más, en un día caluroso, con poca ventilación
En el metro pasa lo mismo, es rápido, si, pero viajar en él es una aventura completa
Saludos
Bueno, ahí voy con todo y mis posibles horrores errores:
Here, at Mexico City, drive is a chaos, really. But many of us prefer drive to public transport, this one is quite cheap but inefficient and insufficient. In the rush hours you could be hurted while you try to get onto the bus, the peolple push you, hit you. Then ther are around 40 people, in a hot day whit few ventilation
The subway is the same thing, is fast, yes, but travel in it is a complete adventure!
Cheers
Vanda
Moderesa de Beagá
cuchuflete
Senior Member
BasedowLives
Senior Member
Roi Marphille
Senior Member
I’m so fortunate. I spend 8 minutes walk. Stone’s throw, isn’t it?!
but the job I had before it was a nighmare journey, sometimes 40 minutes sometimes 2hours! depending on traffic.
langalejandro
Senior Member
Senior Member
Senior Member
Para ir a trabajar tengo que coger un tren y un metro y desde que salgo de mi casa hasta el trabajo tardo una hora y media más o menos.
És un buen momento para leer o escuchar música.
la reine victoria
Banned
Shame on you Cuchuflete! To take advantage of one of my favourite furry creatures in this way (especially a severely disabled one) is outrageous. Is it one of those sad mutants which a vivisection laboratory created and discarded?
If you rescued it from such a laboratory to ‘give it a good home’ that is praiseworthy. However, to apply two different coloured coats of paint to it, to make it aesthetically pleasing to your eye, is abominable. Does it squeal in pain when you press its large anterior button? Is it a ‘sit and ride’ mouse? I’m surprised it wasn’t crushed to death when you first climbed aboard.
I suspect you chose it as a cheap method of transport. Fuelled by only a few grains of wheat and a small piece of cheese, the average mouse can cover long distances.
Do you park it in a cold, draughty garage when not in use? Do you have a cat with evil intentions towards it?
Fellow mouse loving forer@s, I suggest we go and demonstrate outside Cuchuflete’s home, waving banners and placards saying ‘Down with mouse abusers.’ I would be prepared to travel from the UK to Sheepscott in order to lead the demo.
I have never abused my own pet mouse. Thanks to the special care and attention I give it, it has now entered the Guiness Book of Records as the world’s longest-living mouse. Despite its old age it is still as perky as a juvenile.
How do you usually go to work?
How do you usually go to work?
4) How do usually you go to work?
11. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
I can’t play musical instrument. Can you?
12. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
Wayne generally goes swimming three times …. week.
1) a
13. Выберите подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол.
1) Сan I
14. Выберите подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол.
I’m sorry, Sir, but you …. go through that door. It’s private.
Can’t
15. Подберите антоним к подчеркнутому слову.
Her skin is pale.
Tanned
16. Какой из следующих неправильных глаголов образует три формы по иному образцу.
Smell
1) worked
18. В каком из слов ударение падает на слог, нетипичный для данной группы.
Happened
19. Вставьте в данную дефиницию подходящее по смыслу слово.
Abroad
20. Дефиницией какого слово является данное предложение.
Something which you want to do one day.
Ambition
21. Вставьте подходящее выражение в предложение.
I’m sure you …. find a hotel easily.
1) ‘ll be able to
22. Выберите правильную глагольную форму.
Jerry and Meg …. to Goa for their holidays last year.
Had been
23. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
Budapest is on …. River Danube.
3) the
Come to a party!
Most parties are quite relaxed these days, especially young people’s parties. You don’t have to wear an expensive dress or a black tie when you want to have a good time. In fact, you can usually wear what you like – anything from jeans to suits and dresses. British and American people are often very informal.
Informal invitations all look different. There is one example below.
People will expect an answer even to an informal invitation. Just call to say if you can or cannot come.
Some people of course (especially older ones) still enjoy formal parties. An invitation to a smart party looks like the one below.
“RSVP” is short for the French words “R6pondez s’il vous plait”. It means that you must write a letter or telephone to say if you can or cannot come. People often send out invitations weeks before a party. It’s polite to answer as soon as possible.
What do you do if someone asks you to “tea”? Or to “drinks”? Some people do things differently, of course, but the table below tells you what you can expect.
For some British people, “tea” means a cup of tea and a biscuit at 4.30 or 5 pm. For others, “tea” means a meal at 6.30 or 7 p.m.
“Formal dress” usually means a suit and tie and a smart dress for women. “Black tie” means that the men wear dinner jackets and the women wear evening dresses. “Black tie” is only for very special occasion.
Определите основную идею теста:
Parties are popular among young people and older ones.
2) Most parties are relaxed these days.
3) British people like “tea”.
4) Going to parties is polite and thrilling.
B2. Определите, является ли утверждение:
If somebody invited you to a party, you should telephone the host to say if you can or cannot come.
Истинным
3) в тексте нет информации
B3. Определите, является ли утверждение:
It is impolite to refuse the invitation to a party.
В тексте нет информации
B4. Определите, является ли утверждение:
Black tie is for a formal party.
1) истинным
3) в тексте нет информации
B5. Ответьте на вопрос
Why are most parties relaxed these days?
1) People can wear evening dresses and dinner jackets.
People usually wear what they like.
3) People often send out invitations weeks before parties.
B6. Закончите предложение
“Tea” means a meal
In the evening
3) at a formal party
B7. Замените слово, данное в скобках, английским эквивалентом.
The dress is too (дорогое) for me to buy.
Expensive
А 1. Complete the gaps in the following sentences with the correct form of the verb. Заполните пропуски в предложениях правильной глагольной формой.
1. I ….. Stuart a card last Tuesday.
1) send; 2) sent; 3) is sending; 4) sends.
2. Choose the correct verb in the following phrases. Выберите правильные глагольные словосочетания.
1) go to the gym + take something to eat
2) go to the gym + have something to eat
3) go the gym + take something to eat
4) go the gym + have something to eat
3. Choose the correct sentences comparing things from the following ones. Выберите правильные предложения со степенями сравнения.
1) Ann’s friendlier now than she was a year ago. That man looks as Tom Cruise!
2) Ann’s friendlier now than she was a year ago. That man looks like Tom Cruise!
3) Ann’s friendlyer now than she was a year ago. That man looks as Tom Cruise!
4) Ann’s friendlyer now than she was a year ago. That man looks like Tom Cruise!
4. Choose the correct preposition. Выберите подходящий предлог.
It was great to see you. Thanks …. coming.
1) for 2) at 3) in 4) on
5. Choose the correct preposition. Выберите подходящий предлог.
I’m too tired to cook. Let’s go out ….. a meal.
1) for 2) at 3) on 4) in
6. Выберите правильный вопрос к предложению.
I like rock and jazz music.
1) Who likes music?
2) What do you do?
3) Do you like music?
4) What kind of music do you like?
7. Заполните пропуски подходящим словом.
A: We’re celebrating. We got married three years ago today.
2) anniversary
4) returns of the day
8. Заполните пропуски подходящим словом.
I’m sorry I can’t hear you because the baby is ….
Crying
9. Расположите слова в правильном порядке.
on holiday/We/go/twice a year?
1) We go on holiday twice a year.
2) Twice a year go we on holiday.
3) On holiday twice a year we go.
4) Go we on holiday twice a year.
10. Расположите слова в правильном порядке.
1) I have always orange juice for breakfast.
2) Always have I orange juice for breakfast.
3) Always have I for breakfast orange juice.
12. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
Where’s Pete? He’s surfing ….. Internet, looking for a cheap holiday.
3) the
13. Выберите подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол.
A: I’ve got a terrible headache and I feel sick.
B: I think you … go to bed.
Should
14. Выберите подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол.
You …. wear jeans or trousers at work if you want to.
Can
15. Подберите антоним к подчеркнутому слову.
My job is very safe.
Dangerous
16. Какой из следующих неправильных глаголов образует три формы по иному образцу.
Speak
Translated
18. В каком из слов ударение падает на слог, нетипичный для данной группы.
Decided
19. Вставьте в данное предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.
Sightseeing
20. Какое из данных слов подходит под данное определение.
This word describes holiday accommodation where you cook your own meal.
Self-catering
21. Вставьте подходящее выражение в предложение.
I …. travel the world after university.
1) ‘ll be able to
2) ‘m planning to
22. Выберите правильную глагольную форму.
Debra …. tennis when she slipped and broke her leg.
1) was playing
23. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
You should never look directly at …. Sun.
The
Weddings!
In Britain and the USA, wedding invitations go out about six weeks before the wedding day. The guests write as soon as possible to say if they can or cannot come.
Choosing a present for the couple can be difficult. In Britain people don’t take their presents to the wedding. They send them to the woman’s house before the wedding day. To help them find a present, couples often make a list of what they would like and leave it at a store. Their friends call the store and order something from the list.
Most weddings take place before lunch or in the early afternoon. Many people like to get married in church. The bride often wears a long white dress. Guests wear their best clothes and most of the women wear hats. In the church, the bride’s family sits on the left and the groom’s family sits on the right.
In Britain you have to get married in a church or a registry office (never both). But in the States you get married where you like, in your home, in a hotel or in a park or garden.
After the wedding, there is a short reception. The guests go to the bride’s home or to the hotel, pub or restaurant and have something to eat and champagne to drink. The bride and groom cut the wedding cake, and the groom’s friends (his “best man”) makes a speech. The guests usually leave after the bride and groom. Sometimes the couple give a party or disco in the evening.
Married people wear their wedding rings on the third finger of the left hand. Most married women wear wedding rings, but married men often do not.
Определите основную идею теста:
1) People in the English-speaking countries like to get married in church.
Истинным
3) в тексте нет информации
B3. Определите, является ли утверждение:
Married people usually don’t wear their rings the wedding.
Ложным
3) в тексте нет информации
B4. Определите, является ли утверждение:
Relatives help the groom and the bride to get everything ready for the wedding.
В тексте нет информации
B5. Ответьте на вопрос
Why do the bride and the groom make a list of what they would like and leave it at a store?
1) They want to get good present.
2) They plan everything beforehand.
Bride
Groom
А 1. Complete the gaps in the following sentences with the correct form of the verb. Заполните пропуски в предложениях правильной глагольной формой.
1. Josh normally …. Tennis for about four hours a day.
1) practiced; 2) practice; 3) practices; 4) is practicing.
2. Choose the correct verb in the following phrases. Выберите правильные глагольные словосочетания.
1) fall asleep + play yoga
2) fall asleep + do yoga
3) feel asleep + play yoga
4) feel asleep + do yoga
3. Choose the correct sentences comparing things from the following ones. Выберите правильные предложения со степенями сравнения.
1) German is very different from Italian. Her computer is the same like mine.
2) I’m going to spend more time with my children. My German is badder than yours.
3) I’m going to spend more time with my children. My German is gooder than yours.
Nervous
8. Заполните пропуски подходящим словом.
When I wanted to go on holiday, the …. was fantastic. She gave really good advice about the best places to go, and got us a cheap flight.
Travel agent
9. Расположите слова в правильном порядке.
My mother/ telephone/I / every week.
1) Every week telephone I my mother.
2) My mother I telephone every week.
The
12. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
Let’s go out for …. day. The weather’s perfect.
1) a
13. Выберите подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол.
You … speak English for this job, but it’s very useful when you’re travelling.
Don’t have
14. Выберите подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол.
You … smoke if you want to be healthy.
Shouldn’t
15. Подберите антоним к подчеркнутому слову.
She’s got fair hair.
Dark
16. Какой из следующих неправильных глаголов образует три формы по иному образцу.
Forget
Gathered
18. В каком из слов ударение падает на слог, нетипичный для данной группы.
Photograph
19. Вставьте в данное предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.
Heroine
20. Вставьте в предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.
Our flight was …. so we had to wait at the airport for four hours.
Delayed
21. Вставьте подходящее выражение в предложение.
A: Would you like to go out for a drink?
B: Actually, I …. go for a meal.
1) ‘ll be able to
3) ‘d rather
22. Выберите правильную глагольную форму.
I …. in Seattle all my life, and I’m not going to move now!
2) ‘ve lived
23. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
It’s easy to book holidays on …. Internet.
3) the
Sport in the USA
Baseball is the most popular summer sport in America. The first American baseball match was in 1839 in New York, but some people think that baseball comes from a much older game called rounders, played in Europe for many years.
To play baseball, you need two teams of nine players. The “pitcher” throws the ball and the “batter” hits it with a bat.
Americans start playing baseball young. There are “leagues” which children of eight can join. The top players become big stars and earn a lot of money every year.
Americans play tennis, hockey and most other international sports, but they do not play football in the same way as the rest of the world. American football is a very different game. The players can run with the ball, touch and push each other. The field looks different, and even the ball is a different shape. Players wear special clothes for American football, with helmets on their heads, because the game can be dangerous. Like international football teams, American teams have eleven players.
Basketball is another popular game in America. Only five people play in each team. One American basketball team, the Harlem Globetrotters, are famous all over the world. These extraordinary sportsmen, all very tall, have shown the world that sport can be funny as well as exciting.
Americans love winter sports, and ice hockey is a great favourite. This game, the national sport of Canada, is very fast, and can be dangerous. So if you play ice hockey, remember to wear your helmet!
Определите основную идею теста:
1) Americans start playing sport games young.
Истинным
3) в тексте нет информации
B3. Определите, является ли утверждение:
There are six players in each basketball team.
Ложным
3) в тексте нет информации
B4. Определите, является ли утверждение:
International football championship takes place in America every year.
В тексте нет информации
B5. Ответьте на вопрос
Why is American basketball famous all over the world?
1) The players are very experienced.
Push
А 1. Complete the gaps in the following sentences with the correct form of the verb. Заполните пропуски в предложениях правильной глагольной формой.
1. I’m sorry, I can’t send you an e-mail now because my brother …. The computer.
1) uses; 2) used; 3) use; 4) is using.
2. Choose the correct verb in the following phrases. Выберите правильные глагольные словосочетания.
1) go to bed early + have embarrassed
2) go to bed early + be embarrassed
3) want bed early + have embarrassed
4) want bed early + be embarrassed
3. Choose the correct sentences comparing things from the following ones. Выберите правильные предложения со степенями сравнения.
1) Which is badder: video or DVD? My surname’s similar to yours.
Embarrassed
8. Заполните пропуски подходящим словом.
Could you …. the phone, Pat? I’m in the bath.
Pick up
9.Расположите слова в правильном порядке.
have lunch/ They/in the park/sometimes.
1) Theysometimes have lunch in the park.
2) Sometimes in the park theyhave lunch.
3) In the park have they sometimes lunch.
4) Theysometimes has lunch in the park.
10.Расположите слова в правильном порядке.
He always have a cup of coffee in the morning.
1) He has always a cup of coffee in the morning.
Have to
14. Выберите подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол.
I’m sorry, Sir, but you …. go through that door. It’s private.
Can’t
15. Подберите антоним к подчеркнутому слову.
Bored
16. Какой из следующих неправильных глаголов образует три формы по иному образцу.
Take
Visited
18. В каком из слов ударение падает на слог, нетипичный для данной группы.
Embassy
19. Вставьте в данное предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.
A very dry place where it never rains.
Desert
20. Вставьте в предложение подходящее по смыслу слово.
Crowded
21. Вставьте подходящее выражение в предложение.
I’m afraid you …. wait. There are ten people before you.
1) ‘ll have to
2) ‘ll be able to
22. Выберите правильную глагольную форму.
Have arrived
3) were arriving
23. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
…. Atlantic Ocean is between …. Europe and America.
Time Off!
Working hours are shorter, holidays are longer and people have more time off now than ever before. What do they do with it?
In both Britain and America, people watch TV for many hours every week. In America there is a very big choice. Many cities have twenty or more channels, sometimes going for twenty-four hours a day. In Britain there are many new channels but most people prefer to watch the four old ones: BBC1, BBC2, ITV and Channel 4.
Many well-off Americans have a “camper” or “trailer” which they can use for week-ends away. Some have holidays houses in the country, and spend as much time as possible on outside activities like fishing and waterskiing.
Fewer British people have caravans or second homes, but many have gardens, where they spend a lot of their free time. Home owners often take time doing jobs round the house. They paint, put up wallpaper, build cupboards and even make furniture. There are a lot of DIY (Do It Yourself) shops all over the country selling everything they need.
But for some, time off means music and dancing. In London and New York, one or two new nightclubs open every week. Some close again after a night or two, but some, like Stringfellows in London, go on, and on, and on …
Определите основную идею теста:
1) Many people like to watch TV in their free time.
Истинным
3) в тексте нет информации
B3. Определите, является ли утверждение:
People watch TV a lot in the US.
Истинным
3) в тексте нет информации
B4. Определите, является ли утверждение:
British people like to watch foreign channels as well.
В тексте нет информации
B5. Ответьте на вопрос
Why are there so many Do It Yourself shops all over Britain?
Popular outside activities.
2) becoming less popular among teenagers.
3) important for single and divorced.
B7. Замените слово, данное в скобках, английским эквивалентом.
This is a very valuable piece of (мебель).
Furniture
How do you usually go to work?
4) How do usually you go to work?
11. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
I can’t play musical instrument. Can you?
12. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
Wayne generally goes swimming three times …. week.
1) a
13. Выберите подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол.
1) Сan I
14. Выберите подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол.
I’m sorry, Sir, but you …. go through that door. It’s private.
Can’t
15. Подберите антоним к подчеркнутому слову.
Her skin is pale.
Tanned
16. Какой из следующих неправильных глаголов образует три формы по иному образцу.
Smell
1) worked
18. В каком из слов ударение падает на слог, нетипичный для данной группы.
Happened
19. Вставьте в данную дефиницию подходящее по смыслу слово.
Abroad
20. Дефиницией какого слово является данное предложение.
Something which you want to do one day.
Ambition
21. Вставьте подходящее выражение в предложение.
I’m sure you …. find a hotel easily.
1) ‘ll be able to
22. Выберите правильную глагольную форму.
Jerry and Meg …. to Goa for their holidays last year.
Had been
23. Вставьте необходимый по смыслу артикль.
Budapest is on …. River Danube.
3) the
Come to a party!
Most parties are quite relaxed these days, especially young people’s parties. You don’t have to wear an expensive dress or a black tie when you want to have a good time. In fact, you can usually wear what you like – anything from jeans to suits and dresses. British and American people are often very informal.
Informal invitations all look different. There is one example below.
People will expect an answer even to an informal invitation. Just call to say if you can or cannot come.
Some people of course (especially older ones) still enjoy formal parties. An invitation to a smart party looks like the one below.
“RSVP” is short for the French words “R6pondez s’il vous plait”. It means that you must write a letter or telephone to say if you can or cannot come. People often send out invitations weeks before a party. It’s polite to answer as soon as possible.
What do you do if someone asks you to “tea”? Or to “drinks”? Some people do things differently, of course, but the table below tells you what you can expect.
For some British people, “tea” means a cup of tea and a biscuit at 4.30 or 5 pm. For others, “tea” means a meal at 6.30 or 7 p.m.
“Formal dress” usually means a suit and tie and a smart dress for women. “Black tie” means that the men wear dinner jackets and the women wear evening dresses. “Black tie” is only for very special occasion.
Урок 20. Вопросительные слова в английском языке
 Автор: Дарья СорокинаЛингвист-переводчик, преподаватель иностранных языков. |
В английском языке существует несколько типов вопросов. Один из этих типов, общий вопрос, мы уже научились задавать и отвечать на него. Общий вопрос – это вопрос, который начинается с глагола и вспомогательного глагола, и предполагает ответ – да или нет. Сегодня мы рассмотрим специальный вопрос (special question), который начинается с вопросительного слова, то есть запрашивает специальную информацию.
Словарь вопросительных слов (прослушать)
Прочитайте внимательно список вопросительных слов в английском языке и постарайтесь догадаться, какое из них является самым часто-употребляемым.
What [wɒt] что, какой
Who [hu:] кто
When [wen] когда
Where [weə] где, куда, откуда
Why [waı] почему
How [haʋ] как
How many/how much сколько
Whose [hu:z] чей
Which [wıtʃ] какой, который из
Употребление вопросительных слов в речи
Самым распространенным вопросительным словом в английском языке, при помощи которого задаются вопросы, является слово what. Прежде всего потому, что у него два значения – что, какой, то есть на вопросы с этим вопросительным словом мы можем дать два типа различной информации, как предмет, так и признак предмета. С самыми часто-задаваемыми вопросами мы уже знакомы.
What is your name? Как тебя зовут?
What is your surname? Как у тебя фамилия?
What is your address? Какой у тебя адрес?
What is your hobby? Какое у тебя хобби?
Если же мы хотим запросить информацию о человеке, то нам следует использовать вопросительное слово who.
Who is this man? Кто этот мужчина?
Who did you meet yesterday? Кого ты встретил вчера?
Информацию о времени мы запрашиваем при помощи вопросительного слова when.
When do you usually get up? Когда ты обычно встаешь?
When were you born? Когда ты родился?
Информацию о месте мы узнаем при помощи вопросительного слова where, которое имеет целых три значения: где, куда, откуда.
Where are you from? Откуда ты родом?
Where were you born? Где ты родился?
Запрашивая причину или цель, мы используем вопросительное слово why.
Why do you like reading books? Почему ты любишь читать книги?
Why did you go there? Почему ты ходил туда?
При помощи вопросительного слова how мы пытаемся узнать, как произошло то или иное действие (образ действия) или посредством чего.
How do you get to work? Как ты добираешься до работы?
How do you speak English? Как ты разговариваешь на английском?
Кроме того, вопросительное слово how входит в состав двух других вопросительных слов how many/how much (сколько).
Однако, how many используется с исчисляемыми предметами (которые можно посчитать), в то время, как how much используется с неисчисляемыми предметами (которые нельзя посчитать). В английском языке неисчисляемыми существительными считаются те, которые обозначают жидкие, сыпучие продукты, различные субстанции и некоторые другие, например, time (время), money (деньги), furniture (мебель), advice (совет), news (новости), weather (погода).
How many apples do you eat a week? Сколько яблок в неделю ты съедаешь?
How much money do you earn? Сколько ты зарабатываешь?
Если вам нужно запросить информацию о принадлежности, то вам следует использовать вопросительное слово whose.
Whose bag is it? Чья эта сумка?
Как вы успели заметить, у вопросительных слов what и which есть одинаковое значение – какой. Однако употребление этих слов варьируется от контекста. Вопросительное слово which используется в значении – какой, который из, то есть мы имеем в виду определенный круг людей или предметов, из которого мы делаем выбор.
Which bag do you like? Какая сумка тебе нравится?
Что касается построения специального вопроса, то этот принцип не отличается от принципа построения общего вопроса.
Только в данном случае первое место займет вопросительное слово, а далее по правилу следует глагол или вспомогательный глагол и подлежащее, выраженное именем собственным, местоимением или существительным. Интонационный рисунок специального вопроса вызывает, порой, недоумение у людей, изучающий английский язык. Интонация специального вопроса совпадает с интонацией обычного повествовательного предложения, то есть в конце вопроса должен быть нисходящий тон (голос падать вниз).
Задания к уроку
Упражнение 1. Задайте вопросы к выделенным членам предложения.
1. His favourite colour is blue.
2. This man is my uncle.
3. We get up at 7 a.m. every day.
4. They come from Spain.
5. He is looking for a part-time job because he needs money.
6. I go to work by car.
7. My brother spends 2 hours a day riding a bike.
8. This dress is hers.
9. I like these red shoes very much.
Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. What is your favourite sport?
2. Who is this old man?
3. When do you usually clean your flat/house?
4. Where do you come from?
5. Why are you learning English?
6. How do you get to work?
7. How much time a day do you spend at work?
8. Whose laptop is this?
9. Which film do you fancy watching?
How do you usually get to work
Общее время ответа одного участника ОГЭ (включая время на подготовку) – 15 минут. Каждое последующее задание выдаётся после окончания выполнения предыдущего задания. Всё время ответа ведётся аудиозапись. Постарайтесь полностью выполнить поставленные задачи, говорить ясно и чётко, не отходить от темы и следовать предложенному плану ответа. Так Вы сможете набрать наибольшее количество баллов.
Вам необходимо построить связное монологическое высказывание на определённую тему с опорой на план. Время на подготовку – 1,5 минуты.
ВНИМАНИЕ!
Вы можете ознакомиться с разбором демонстрационного варианта ФИПИ устной части ОГЭ с объяснением правил и стандартных ошибок, пройдя по ссылке.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 0:
Taking pictures has become an important part of our life. People love this process and new technologies give more and more opportunities for it.
why people like taking pictures
why taking photos is more popular today than it was in the past
what the best photo you have ever taken is
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 1:
Learning English has become quite popular nowadays. This language is considered as a major international language.
how long you have been learning English
why most Russian students learn English at school
I think that Russians study English at school because English is the international language. (2)
what you use English out of the classroom for
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 2:
Since our work takes up the biggest partion of our life, choosing a job is a very important decision.
what jobs are popular with modern teenagers
I think that managers and DJs are popular among boys. As for girls, I guess makeup stylists. (4)
what job you dreamed of in your childhood and why
who can help you to make your career choice
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 3:
Having a hobby is a very importent part of our life.
why most people have hobbies
I think that hobbies help people (to) relax. It’s important for a person to spend time doing something he or she really likes for free. (7)
what hobbies are the most popular with your friends
Some of my friends collect things. Some collect stamps, some coins and some, toy soldiers. But the most popular hobbies are computer games and sports. (8)
in what way a hobby can be useful for educational purposes
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 4:
Watching films give a lot of joy and positive emotions. Nowadays, people can’t imagine their lives without movies.
what kind of films you enjoy and why
how often you watch films
As a matter of fac t, I watch movies pretty often. Two or three times a week. (11)
what film you have seen recently, what it was about
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 5:
Reading books gives a lot of joy and positive emotions. Nowadays, people can’t imagine their lives without reading books.
what kind of books you enjoy reading
where you usually get books to read
what book would be your desert island choice and why
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 6:
Listening to the radio gives a lot of joy and positive emotions. People still listen to the radio in this era of TV and the Internet.
why, in the era of TV and the Internet, radio is still very popular with some people
what kind of radio programmes young people usually listen to
whether you would like to work for a radio station; why / why not
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 7:
Studying at school gives us knowledge that will help us in our life.
what interesting facts about your school you know
I guess that one of the most interesting facts about my school is that Alexey Ivanovich Simenov, a Hero of the Soviet Union, studied in it. (19)
what sports facilities your school offers to the students
which school day is the most difficult for you and why
The most difficult day for me is Monday. I am always too relaxed after weekends, so going to school on Mondays and learning different subjects is quite difficult for me. Once I heard a song with the line “Rainy days and Mondays always get me down”. It’s about me. (21)
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 8:
Nowadays schoolboys and girls have a very busy weekday schedule.
what your weekday mornings are like
My weekday mornings are tough. I must wake up early in the morning to get to school on time. I live outside of Moscow, so it takes more than one hour to get to my school. Before going to school I usually take a shower and eat my breakfast. Sometimes I realize that my clothes are wrinkled so I have to iron them quickly. (22)
how many lessons you usually have
I usually have 5 or 7 lessons each day, depending on the day. (23)
whether your weekday afternoons are busy, and why
My weekday afternoons are usually busy. I go to the gym 3 times a week, twice during weekdays. I also have to do my homework. It takes a lot of time. Sometimes I go to see my friends or play football. Before I go to sleep I either read a book or watch a movie. (24)
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 9:
Nowadays the Internet has become really popular. We can’t live without it now.
whether you can imagine modern life without the Internet; why / why not
what you and your friends use the Internet for
how the Internet can help you in your studies
The Internet helps me a lot with my studies. I find there plenty of useful information I need for my lessons. I ask questions about different school subjects on-line. There are people on the Internet who can help you with many different educational questions. (27)
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 10:
Using public transport is very convenient. However, it can cause some environmental problems.
what means of public transport is the most popular in your hometown
what environmental problems caused by cars exist in your hometown
whether the bicycle is a popular means of transport in your hometown; why / why not
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 11:
Protecting animals is something worth doing regardless whether they are endangered or not.
what your favourite animals are, and why
My favorite animals are hamsters and cats. When I was little I kept hamsters as pets. Then my parents bought me a cat. He is still living with us. I like him a lot. Hamsters and cats make me feel good. (31)
what people should do to protect endangered animals
I think people should stop killing endangered animals. There is a special book called “The Red List” where all endangered species are writen down to protect them. It’s forbidden to hunt these animals. (32)
whether zoos are a good thing or not, and why
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 12:
Travelling gives a lot of joy and positive emotions. Nowadays people can’t imagine their lives without travels.
why most people like travelling
I think that people like travelling because they like to learn new things. It’s interesting to see other countries, different cultures, and learn new languages. (34)
what people usually do when they visit a new place
I guess when people visit new places they learn new information about these places, take pictures, read about the history of these places, and buy souvenirs. (35)
what place you would like to visit one day
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 13:
If one wants to be fit and healthy he has to eat healthy food and do physical exercises.
what you do to keep fit and healthy
what foods are good for you
I think that home-made food is good for me. I like what my Mom cooks. She rarely fries things because it’s not very healthy. She usually bakes different dishes in her stove. Her meals are healthy and delicious. (38)
whether you go for a check-up at the doctor’s regularly and why it is important
We have regular doctor check-ups at school. Usually I go to a doctor only when I am sick. I think that it’s important to have regular check-ups because many diseases can detected in their early stages before they create some real troubles. (39)
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 14:
Making friends is a part of human life. Everybody needs a friend.
why most people need friends
I think that it’s important for a person to share his thoughts or interests with someone. That’s why people need friends. (40)
where and when you met your best friend
My best friend is Kolya. I met him in my yard when we were about 5 years old. I could not ride a bicycle and he taught me how to do it. (41)
what you value in your friend most of all
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 15:
Some people prefer living in a city, whereas other choose villages.
what the advantages of living in the city are
why some people want to live in the country, far away from the city
where you would like to live (in the city or in the country) if you could move house
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 16:
Using electronic gadgets makes our life easier, although there are some side-effects too.
how new electronic gadgets have changed our life
I think that electronic gadgets have changed our life a lot. Nowadays, we can easily communicate with our friends who might be in any part of the world. Some gadgets can tell us a lot of useful information, like weather, show us our position, and work as navigators. Some of them have special health apps that can show us many health features like pulse, temperature and even blood pressure. (46)
what the most useful gadget is in your view and why
My favorite gadget is my mobile phone. I use an iPhone 7. It’s very convenient to use, intuitive and it gives me all the information I need. It wakes me up, navigates me to any location I want to drive to and even entertains me when I want it. (47)
whether there are any drawbacks to using modern gadgets
I think that the biggest disadvantage of using modern gadgets is overusing them. People sometimes forget about real life and live inside of their gadgets. Some people even have an addiction to their mobile phones. If they don’t chat or text they get anxious and don’t feel good. They can even became psychologically dependent on their devices. (48)
That’s all I wanted to say.
ВАРИАНТ ОТВЕТА 17:
Protecting the environment is an important task that everybody has to consider as his own.
why it is important to protect the environment
I think that it is important to protect the environment because we are all part of it. If the ecological situation becomes bad our health becomes bad too. We eat food that is grown on the ground. If the ground is polluted, our food is polluted too. We all breath the air that surrounds us. If the air is dirty, we can get sick. (49)
what the most serious environmental problem is in the place where you live
I guess that the biggest environmental problem is polluted air. I live in a big city where there are many cars that produce lots of car exhaust fumes.You can hardly breath when there is no wind and you are walking along a road with bad traffic. (50)
what you and your classmates can do to help protect the environment
That’s all I wanted to say.