How many parts are there in the uk
How many parts are there in the uk
How Many Countries are there in United Kingdom?
A short view to United Kingdom
United Kingdom is also known as Great Britain and North Ireland United Kingdom. It is the country on the west of the Europe from the point of geography it is takes place on the whole island of Britain, north side of Ireland Island and in some other islands in the Britain is the parts of the country of the United Kingdom. 
The name of the country is known as the Great Britain not only in the inside of the country but also in the other countries in the world. The founder country of the Great Britain, England is also called as the Great Britain in the most different parts of the world. The official introduction to the country’s citizens is British and their official language is English. With the using of British, the word of English also used in lots of the world countries for the people who are living in there. There are four countries in United Kingdom. These countries are Wales, England, Scotland and North Ireland. These countries except for north Ireland are take place in Great Britain Island. Apart from these countries, there are lots of small islands in other parts of the country. Wight Island, Lundy Island, Scilly Island, Anglesey Islands, Hebrid Islands, Ornkey Islands and Shetland Islands are some of the greatest islands from those islands and as we said before there are lots of other small islands in the country. When we look at the history of the United Kingdom, we see that the first community that forms the country is Celts. Between the years of B.C 55 and A.D 410 the islands of Britain is connected to Roman Empire and its name is Britannia State. On the fifth century, the region is under the effect of Christianity and in same year as very great community who are the Germen community enters the island and their name isAnglo-Saxons.
And then between the years of 1066 and 1154 as being another germen community, Normans get the country to their hands. English people are coming from behind of them when we look at their histories. Scottish people, Wales people and Ireland people are the communities of Celts people. As being an old ruler of the country VII. Edward is the first emperor who quit from the kingdom for only his own wish. When we look at the modern Great Britain we can see that and we can say that it is the wealthiest countries in the world. After the World War 1 and World War 2 the country has lots of exploitation countries and there are lots of countries that are under the rule of the Great Britain and we can say that the wealthy of the Great Britain is coming from those countries especially African countries. And it is so popular country that lots of people from the different parts of the world want to come this country and millions of tourists from the different regions of the world are coming to see the country.
The Parts of Great Britain
The UK of Great Britain and Northern Ireland occupies the territory of the British Isles. It consists of 4 main countries which are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
The largest and the most densely populated part of the UK is England. It is washed by the North sea, the Irish sea, the English Channel, and the Straits of Dover. The name England is derived from the Angles. Roman rule lasted for 300 years from AD 43. The last invasion of England took place in 1066. When Duke William of Normandy defeated the English at the battle of Hastings.
The Southeast is a highly populated region of England. There is a lot of industry near the Thames and there are a lot of roads and motorways. London, the capital of the UK, and such historical cities as Windsor, Dover and Brighton are situated here. Heathrow Airport, one of the world’s busiest airports is about 33 km west of central London. The Southeast is famous for its resorts, Brighton is, probably, the most famous of them.
The Southwest is the region where the main activity is farming. The romantic past makes it popular for artists, writers and holidaymakers. The two principal cities of the region are Bristol and Bath. If you want to see the famous Stonehenge, one of the remarkable historic places in the UK, you should also come here. The most westerly point of Great Britain “Land’s End” is also in the Southwest
East Anglia is very flat and it is another farming region. It has beautiful cities with fine historic buildings such as Cambridge. This region is famed for the birthplace of Oliver Cromwell, an English general and politician who was the leader of the army against King Charles I in the Civil War.
The Midlands, known as the heart of England, is the largest industrial part in the country. The two famous Midlands cities, Stratford-upon-Avon and Oxford are connected with English culture: Stratford is the birthplace of W.Shakespeare and Oxford is famous for its university.
The North of England is very picturesque. The main attraction of the region is the Lake District, the cities of York and Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Many tourists come over especially to look at the ruins of Hadrian’s Wall, a stone wall built by the order of the Roman ruler Hadrian to defend the North border of Roman Britain from Scottish tribes.
Scotland is the most northern part of the island of Great Britain. It was inhabited mainly by the Picts. In the 6 th century, the Scots from Ireland settled in what is now Argyll. During the 9 th century the various parts of Scotland united in defence against the Vikings. In 1651 Scotland was united with England, although it kept its own parliament.
Scotlandis divided into 3 parts: the Highlands, the Lowlands and the Southern Uplands. There are a lot of valleys and lakes in this region. The best known lake is Loch Ness. Ben Nevis is the highest point of the country. The capital is Edinburgh. Scotland’s most important industries, steelmaking and engineering, are concentrated in the central lowlands. The national dress of Scots is the kilt, which was originally worn by men. The Scottish musical instrument is bagpipes. Golf is Scotland’s national sport. Saint Andrew is the patron saint of Scotland and the Scots celebrate St. Andrew’s Day on the 30th of November.
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9 British Traditions What is traditional British food How many public holidays are there in Britain? What is the official language of the UK? How is the British flag call? What is the national currency of the UK? What is the Britains national drink? Have the British their English national dress? What song is the British national song? Britain is a constitutional monarchy, but does it have a constitution? What is the name of British Father Frost?
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12 Which university did Prince William attend? a)Oxford University b)Cambridge University c)St Andrews University d)London University
13 Find symbols of these holidays Easter Christmas Fathers Day Halloween Valentines Day Mothers Day
14 Найдите русский вариант к этим пословицам Мой дом – моя крепость. В гостях хорошо, а дома лучше. Век живи – век учись! М Лучше поздно, чем никогда. Никогда не откладывай на завтра то, что можно сделать сегодня. Сначала думай, потом говори. Ясно, как день. Друг познается в беде. Делу время, потехе час.. East or West home is best. 2. First think, then speak. 3. As clear as day. 4. Better late than never. 5. Live and learn. 6.Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.. 7. My home is my castle. 8. Business before pleasure. 9. A friend in need is a friend indeed
16 Sports in Great Britain. Why are swimming, boating and sailing popular in Britain? This kind of sport began to develop in Scotland and now it is widely spread all over Britain. What kind of British sports existed even in the Saxon times? What game did the first settlers play on the board of the «Mayflower» in 1620? Why are the British not very much interested in skiing and skating?
GREAT BRITAIN
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. It consists of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively. England, Wales and Scotland occupy the territory of Great Britain. Northern Ireland is situated in the northern part of Ireland.
The territory of the United Kingdom is about 244,000 square kilometers, it takes the 75-th place among other countries in the world. The population is more than 60 million people. About 80% of the population is urban. The capital of the country is London.
Great Britain is separated from the continent by the English Channel, which is 34 km wide in its narrowest point. The country is also washed by the North Sea, the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The landscape of Great Britain varies greatly. The northern and western parts of the country are mountainous and are called the Highlands. All the rest: south, east and the center are a vast plain, which is called the Lowlands. The mountains are not very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain (1343m). There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one. The largest lake is Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland.
The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of Great Britain. It is mild the whole year round. The summer is not very hot and winter temperature seldom falls below zero. It is often foggy and rainy. Weather is one of the favorite subjects for discussion when Englishmen meet.
Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of iron and steel products, machinery and electronics, chemicals and textiles, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding. Liverpool and Glasgow are the main seaports, where it is highly developed. Glasgow is also associated with heavy industry. Birmingham is the country’s major engineering center. Manchester is the world’s leading producer of cotton goods and Leeds became the leading producer of woolen goods.
Great Britain is rich in coal, iron, non-ferrous metals. There is much coal in Wales. It is a big coal-mining district of the country.
Great Britain is a country with old cultural traditions and customs. The most famous educational centers are Oxford and Cambridge Universities. They are considered to be intellectual centers of Europe. All British children study at school from the age of 5 until they are 16. Then they get higher education at universities and colleges of Great Britain.
On the lowlands of south-eastern England there are almost no minerals. This part of the country is an agricultural region. Seven per cent of the population is engaged in farming and cattle breeding. Most of England’s wheat is grown there. Much of the soil in this part is under such crops as wheat, barley, rye and oats. Fruit-growing is extensively developed. An Englishman is fond of gardening. He is at heart a great lover of Nature. England in truth looks like one great well-ordered park with its old trees and green meadows.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and the Queen is the head of the state. But in practice it is ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head. The Queen’s power is limited by Parliament. The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Houses of Parliament. The Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary or life peers and peeresses. The members of the House of Commons are elected by people. The executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and his Cabinet. Prime Minister is the majority party leader and is appointed by the Queen. The judiciary branch of the Government determines common law and is independent of both legislative and executive branches.
There are two main political parties in Great Britain: the Conservative party and the Labour party. The Labour party with Anthony Blair at the head is the ruling party nowadays.
Exercise 4. Answer the following comprehension questions.
1. Where is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland situated?
2. What parts does it consist of?
3. What is the territory and the population of Great Britain?
4. What is the capital of the country?
5. What is Great Britain separated from the continent by?
6. What seas and oceans is Great Britain washed by?
7. What is the landscape of the country? What parts does it consist of?
8. Are there any rivers, mountains and lakes?
9. What is the climate of Great Britain?
10. What goods does the British industry produce?
11. What are the main industrial cities of the country and what do they produce?
12. Are there any educational establishments in Great Britain?
13. When do students start education?
14. Which part of the country is an agricultural region?
15. What crops are grown in Great Britain?
16. Are Englishmen fond of gardening?
17. Who is the head of the state?
18. How many chambers does the British Parliament consist of?
20. What are the main political parties of Great Britain?
21. Who is the Prime Minister of Great Britain nowadays and what party does he represent?
Exercise 5. Complete the following sentences.
Exercise 6. Make up sentences using the table below.
1.
| The climate of Russia | is (are) considered to be | the highest mountain |
| Manchester | the highlands | |
| Potatoes | diverse | |
| Englishmen | an agricultural region | |
| Ben Nevis | Great lovers of Nature | |
| South-eastern England | the most important crop | |
| The northern and western parts of Great Britain | The world’s producer of cotton goods |
2.
| The British Isles | consist(s) of | 21 republics |
| Russia | 2 large islands | |
| Peter’s family | 4 ingredients | |
| Buryatia | 10 members | |
| A mixture | 4 members: a father, a mother and two children | |
| The committee | the House of Lords and the House of commons | |
| The British Parliament | mainly low plains |
3.
| Great Britain | is (are) known as | Englishmen |
| The 14th of February | The motherland of tulips (тюльпаны) | |
| Holland | University towns | |
| Glasgow | the Highlands | |
| People living in England | a country of fogs and rain | |
| A vast plain in Great Britain | St. Valentine’s Day | |
| Oxford and Cambridge | the largest seaport |
Exercise 7. Translate the sentences into English.
Exercise 8. Make up the plan of the text.
Exercise 9.Study the following narration clichés and try to memorize them.
Exercise10. Retell the text using your plan and narration clichés from ex.9.
Make use of the following key words:
(to consist of, to occupy, to equal to, the capital, mild climate, the landscape, a producer and exporter of, Oxford and Cambridge Universities, to be occupied in, the main crops, like a park, a lover of Nature, a constitutional monarchy, two chambers, to be exercised by, political parties)
Exercise 11. * Prove the fact that:
Explain the statements, using clichés from ex. 9:
1. Make up as many questions as you can about the text.
2. Study the following openers and the model. Make up mini-dialogues according to the model.
Model:
A: You know, I’m interested in Great Britain’s geography. Doyou think you could tell me what the territory of the UK is?
B: Most willingly! The territory of the UK is about 244.000 square kilometres.
A: I see, thanks.
3. Study the role cards below and make up a dialogue according to the model. Use openers:
A B
4. Make up role cards on Britain’s industry, agriculture, political system and education, exchange
your role cards and make up dialogues.
Exercise 13*. Read the text and find out what customs and traditions are to be found in Great
Britain. Be ready to use the information in the topic «Great Britain».
Some English customs and traditions are famous all over the world. Bowler hats, tea and talking about the weather, for example. From Scotland to Cornwall, the United Kingdom is full of customs and traditions. Here are some of them.
St. Valentine’s is the saint of people in love and St. Valentine’s Day is February 14th. On that day, people send valentine cards and presents to their husbands, wives, boyfriends and girlfriends. You can also send a card to a person you don’t know. But traditionally you must never write your name on it. Some British newspapers have a page for Valentine’s Day messages on February 14th.
April, 1 is April Fool’s Day in Great Britain. This is a very old tradition from the Middle Ages. At that time servants were masters for one day of the year. Now April Fool’s Day is different. It’s aday for jokes and tricks.
May, 1 was an important day in the Middle Ages. In the very early morning young girls went lo fields and washed their faces with dew. They believed this made them very beautiful for a year after that. Also on May Day young men of each village tried towin prizes with their bows and arrows, and people danced round the Maypole.
November, 5 is Guy Fawkes’s Day. All over the country people built wood fires, or ‘bonfires’, in their gardens. On top of each bonfire there is a guy, this is a figure of Guy Fawkes. On November, 5 1665, Guy Fawkes tried to kill King James I. He and a group of his friends put a bomb under the Houses of Parliament in London. But the king’s men found the bomb and Guy Fawkes. They took him to the Tower of London, where his head was cut off. Before November 5, children use guys to make money. They stand in the street and shout: «Penny for the guy».
Boxing Day is on December, 26. People usually gave «Christmas boxes» or gifts of money to servants on this day. Today many people still give a Christmas gift to papergirls and boys.
Christmas Day is the most popular holiday in Great Britain. It is celebrated on December, 25. On this day many people go to churches, open their Christmas presents, eat a Christmas dinner of roast turkey and Christmas pudding.
Материал для викторины по английскому языку «Grea Britain»
Вопросы Викторины «Great Britain»
1. «Main Parts of Great Britain»
1) How many parts are there in Great Britain? (2 points)
(There are 4 parts)
2) What is the largest part of the UK? (2 points) (The largest part of the UK is England.)
3) What part of Great Britain borders on the Independent Irish Republic on land? (4 points)
(Northern Ireland borders on the Independent Irish Republic on land.)
4) What is the capital of Wales? (3 points) (The capital of Wales is Cardiff.)
5) What is the symbol of Scotland? (2 points)
6) What is the symbol of Wales? (2 points)
(The Leek and the Daffodil)
7) What parts is Scotland divided into? (2 points)
(Scotland is divided into Highlands and Lowlands.)
2. «Geographical Outlook»
1) What river is the capital situated on? (2 points)
(The river Thames)
2) What parts does the United Kingdom consist of? (2 points)
(The United Kingdom consists of four parts: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales.)
3) What is the most famous lake in Scotland? (3 points)
4) What is between Great Britain and Ireland? (5 points) (The Irish Sea is between Great Britain and Ireland.)
5) Where is the UK situated? (4 points) (The UK is situated on the British Isles.)
7) What dover do we usually call the narrowest part of the English Channel? (3 points)
(The Strait of Dover is the narrowest part of the English Channel.)
3. «Political Outlook»
1) How many members are there in the House of Commons? (2 points)
(There are 650 members in the House of Commons.)
2) Whom does the power in the country belong to? (3 points)
(The power in the country belongs to the British Parliament and to the British Government.)
3) Why is the House of Lords considered to be a very
important body? (4 points)
(It is considered to be a very important body because it can offer, delay and change laws.)
4) How often do the British people elect the members of the
House of Commons? (5 points)
(The British people elect the members of the House of Commons every five year.)
5) Who is the Head of State in Great Britain? (2 points)
(The Head of State is the Queen.)
4. «The British Ways of Life»
1) What is the favourite topic to discuss in Great Britain? (2 points)
(The favourite topic to discuss in Britain is weather.)
2) What pets are the special animals in Great Britain? (3 points)
(The special animals in Great Britain are cats.)
3) When do British people celebrate Christmas? (3 points)
4) What is the Scottish national costume? (2 points)
5) What is the national instrument of Scots? (2 points)
( Bagpipes )
6) When do people celebrate Guy Fawkes Day? (4 points) (People celebrate Guy Fawkes Day on the 5″‘ of November.)
7) Where can you see ravens in London? (3 points) (The ravens we can see in the Tower of London.)
8) Why do the ravens live in the Tower of London? (3 points)
(One of the old English legends says that London can be the capital of the country, rich and great, until twelve black ravens live in the Tower of London.)
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