Made with earth friendly materials перевод
Made with earth friendly materials перевод
earth material
1 Material(s) Exposure in Low Earth Orbit experiment
2 Material Exposure in Low Earth Orbit experiment
3 геологический процесс
EN
geological process
Dynamic actions or events that occur at the Earth’s surface due to application of natural forces resulting from gravity, temperature changes, freezing and thawing, chemical reactions, seismic shaking, and the agencies of wind and moving water, ice and snow. Where and when a force exceeds the strength of the earth material, the material is changed by deformation, translocation, or chemical reactions. (Source: DUNSTE)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]
Тематики
4 горная порода
5 земная кора
EN
earth’s crust
The outer layers of the Earth’s structure, varying between 6 and 48 km in thickness, and comprising all the material above the Mohorovicic Discontinuity (a seismic discontinuity occurring between the crust of the earth and the underlying mantle; the discontinuity occurs at an average depth of 35 km below the continents and at about 10 km below the oceans). The earlier idea of a cool solid skin overlaying a hot molten interior has now been replaced by a concept of a crust composed of two shells: an inner basic unit composed of sima (oceanic crust) and an outer granitic unit composed of sial (continental crust). (Source: WHIT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]
Тематики
6 плотина из грунтовых материалов
плотина из грунтовых материалов
грунтовая плотина
—
[СО 34.21.308-2005]
EN
earth dam
an embankment dam in which more than the half of the total volume is formed of compacted fine grained material
[ IEV ref 602-02-08]
FR
barrage en terre
barrage en remblai dont plus de la moitié du volume total est formé de matériaux fins compactés
[ IEV ref 602-02-08]
Тематики
Синонимы
7 вынутый грунт
8 масса
9 грунт
10 масса
11 машина
12 насыпь
13 асфальт
14 засыпка
наполнитель; материал для засыпки — filling material
сыпучий материал, материал для засыпки — fill material
15 масса (m)
mass (m, kg)
beс ла, нагрузки, снаряжения пo решению икао с 1981 г. — it may be considered as weight but scientifically.
-, активная (запрессованная в ячейки решетки аккумуляторной пластины) — active plate material active material is pressed into the meshes of the grid and forms the plate proper.
— без топлива (ла) — zero fuel mass
-, взлетная — takeoff mass
масса ла при взлете. — the aircraft mass at the time of takeoff.
-, воздушная — air mass
— десантной нагрузки — air delivery load mass
— загруженного самолета, без топлива, максимальная — maximum zero fuel operational mass
— (заземление или точка подвода нулевого потенциала) — ground (connection)
— (заземление, соединение на корпус или шасси оборудования) — frame /chassis, earth/ (connection)
— заправляемого топлива, максимальная — maximum fuel load (mass)
-, инерциапьная (акселерометpa) — moving mass, proof mass. the moving mass or pendulum.
the force acting on the proof mass.
-, инерциальная (маятник акселерометра) — pendulum
— полезной нагрузки — useful load mass, payload mass
-, полетная — gross mass
— полной нагрузки (ла) — mass of operational items
включает массы экипажа, снаряжения, топлива и полезной нагрузки.
-, посадочная — landing mass
— по формуляру — mass specified in log book, logged mass
-, предельная — maximum mass
-, предельная взлетная — maximum takeoff mass
-, предельная полетная — (maximum) gross mass
— пустого ла — empty mass
-, рулежная (ла) — taxi mass
— самолета — aircraft mass
— самолета (обозначение оси графика изменения веса в полете) — gross mass, en-route mass
— самолета (электрическая) — aircraft structure
присоединить отрицательный провод на массу самолета, — connect (or ground) the negative wire to the aircraft structure.
— служебной нагрузки — mass of operational items
beс экипажа, масла для двигателей, кислорода для экипажа, невырабатываемого топлива.
— снаряженного самолета — operational mass
-, стояночная (ла) — ramp mass
— топлива, суммарная — total fuel mass
-, фрикционная (на секторе тормозного диска) — friction pad material (on brake disc segment)
-, эксплуатационная (ла) — operational mass
-, электрическая (самолета) — common ground the aircraft structure serves as common ground.
-, электрическая (ла), служащая в качестве проводника эл. тока — earih return the electrically-bonded part of an aircraft used in an electrical circuit.
This label «Made in Space» for indu
This label «Made in Space» for industrial materials will probably surprise no one in the not so distant future. They may include superconductors, new kinds of alloys, substances with peculiar magnetic properties, supertransparent laser glass’, polymers, plastics, and so on. Numerous experiments carried out at the Russian orbital space stations have paved the way to the development of methods and means of industrial production of new materials of better quality on board3a spacecraft. Experts estimate that within a few coming years industrial production of various materials will be started in space.
What can weightlessness be used for? Many well-known processes go on differently due to the absence of weight. The Archimedes principle is no longer valid and, consequently, stable-state liquid mixtures can be obtained, the components of which would immediately separate on Earth because of different density. In case of melts’ of metals, glasses or semiconductors, they can be cooled down to the solidification point even in space and then brought back to Earth. Such materials will possess quite unusual qualities.
Following the launch of the first orbital stations the specialists started experiments aimed at proving the advantages of the zero-gravity state for the production of certain materials. In this country all orbital stations from Salyut 5 onwards were used for that purpose, as well as rockets. Since 1976 over 600 technological experiments have been carried out on board manned and unmanned space vehicles.
Preparatory work for industrial production in space at a larger scale is being carried out in Russia, the USA, Western Europe and Japan. It should be said that according to the estimates of American experts production of materials in space is to bring 60-billion dollars by the year 2000.
Made with earth friendly materials перевод
They mean the same.
That being said, I get the impression you don’t have it anymore if you use the second wording.
Символ показывает уровень знания интересующего вас языка и вашу подготовку. Выбирая ваш уровень знания языка, вы говорите пользователям как им нужно писать, чтобы вы могли их понять.
Мне трудно понимать даже короткие ответы на данном языке.
Могу задавать простые вопросы и понимаю простые ответы.
Могу формулировать все виды общих вопросов. Понимаю ответы средней длины и сложности.
Понимаю ответы любой длины и сложности.
Решайте свои проблемы проще в приложении!
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This label «Made in Space» for indu
This label «Made in Space» for industrial materials will probably surprise no one in the not so distant future. They may include superconductors, new kinds of alloys, substances with peculiar magnetic properties, super transparent laser glass’, polymers, plastics, and so on. Numerous experiments carried out at the Russian orbital space stations have paved the way to the development of methods and means of industrial production of new materials of better quality on board a spacecraft. Experts estimate that within a few coming years industrial production of various materials will be started in space.
What can weightlessness be used for? Many well-known processes go on differently due to the absence of weight. The Archimedes principle is no longer valid and, consequently, stable-state6liquid mixtures can be obtained, the components of which would immediately separate on Earth because of different density. In case of melts’ of metals, glasses or semiconductors, they can be cooled down to the solidification point even in space and then brought back to Earth. Such materials will possess quite unusual qualities.
Following the launch of the first orbital stations the specialists started experiments aimed at proving the advantages of the zero-gravity state for the production of certain materials. In this country all orbital stations from Salyut 5 onwards were used for that purpose, as well as rockets. Since 1976 over 600 technological experiments have been carried out on board manned and unmanned space vehicles.
Preparatory work for industrial production in space at a larger scale is being carried out in Russia, the USA, Western Europe and Japan. It should be said that according to the estimates of American experts production of materials in space is to bring 60-billion dollars by the year 2000.
Earth-friendly fabrics
Shirts made from bamboo, socks made from corn, and jackets made from chicken feathers may be in your fashion future.
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December 11, 2006 at 12:00 am
Shopping for clothes involves tricky decisions about fit, color, style, and price. And if a growing number of companies have their way, you’ll soon start checking labels for another key detail: environmental impact.
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| iStockphoto.com |
Earth-friendly fabrics are in. It’s already possible to buy shirts made from bamboo and socks made from corn. Shopping malls of the future might also carry clothes made from chicken feathers or rice straw.
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The companies that make such fabrics are interested in sustainable development. This means trying to provide things that people need while protecting natural resources and preserving biodiversity.
“A fully sustainable business would be one that creates no negative impact on the environment,” says Gordon Rands. He’s an environmental business expert at Western Illinois University in Macomb. “I don’t think [such a business] exists yet, but theoretically it’s very possible. And companies are moving in this direction.”
So, scientists are now looking for new ways to make fabrics for clothes that are good both for your image and for Earth.
Born in the lab
Making clothes and shoes traditionally involves harsh chemicals and lots of energy.
Some fabrics, such as cotton, leather, and wool, begin as plants or animal parts. But that doesn’t mean they’re gentle on the environment. Cotton plants, for instance, are often smothered with noxious chemicals to keep away bugs and weeds.
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| Photo by David Nance, USDA Agricultural Research Service |
Other fabrics are born in laboratories, where scientists create molecules called polymers and make synthetic (human-made) materials. Polyester, for example, is made from a polymer called polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which can be molded into soda bottles or drawn out into long, thin threads. Textile companies weave or knit PET threads into fabrics that are remarkably silky, sturdy, and quick to dry.
The problem, from an environmental viewpoint, is that most synthetic fibers are made from petroleum, which must be extracted from the ground. Accessing, transporting, and processing oil is expensive, and the supply is limited. Still, petroleum-based materials appear in exercise clothes, shoe soles, plastic zippers, buttons, dyes, and thousands of other products.
To overcome this reliance on petroleum, some companies have experimented with creating polymers from substances such as corn sugar, then weaving the resulting threads into fabrics. Other companies have developed products from recycled materials.
Efforts to use recycled materials, however, haven’t always been successful. In the 1990s, for example, recycled fleece came and went, mostly because the resulting clothes were scratchy and flimsy.
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| iStockphoto.com |
Now, however, advances in technology have made it possible to convert a larger variety of old plastic bottles and worn clothes into much thinner threads that make more comfortable recycled clothes. Likewise, a new type of finely woven organic cotton is soft, yet chemicalfree.
Clothes from waste
In the past few years, textile scientist Yiqi Yang of the University of Nebraska in Lincoln has figured out how to make yarn out of cornhusks, chicken feathers, and rice straw (part of the rice plant). All three are agricultural by-products that usually end up in the trash.
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| Photo by Stephen Ausmus, USDA Agricultural Research Service |
“We already have a problem with how to get rid of [these waste products],” Yang says. “Instead, let’s use them to make beautiful materials.”
The process involves chemical reactions that break down the raw materials into fibers, followed by cleaning. The scientists then spin the fibers into yarn, which they use to make fabrics.
On the basis of chemical analyses of the resulting fibers, Yang predicts, rice-straw and cornhusk fabrics will resemble linen or cotton. And chicken-feather fabrics, still in the early stages of research, will wear like wool.
Chicken feather fibers are unusual, Yang says, because they are very light and they contain lots of small air pockets arranged like a honeycomb. “That means,” he says, “it will be very warm if you use it to make a jacket or sweater.”
 |
| Courtesy of Yiqi Yang |
Clothes made from farm waste are still years away from hitting the stores, but clothes made from organic or recycled fabrics and products made from coconut, bamboo, and corn sugar are already available in many places.
Simply by choosing carefully how you get dressed in the morning, you can help decide Earth’s future.