Resposta:

a) We ran ten kilometres without stopping.

b) He left the hotel without paying his bill.

c) It’s a nice morning. How about going for a walk?

d) We were able to translate the letter into English without using a dictionary.

e) Before going to bed, I like to have a hot drink.

f) It was a long trip. I was very tired after traveling on a train for 36 hours.

g) I was annoyed because the decision was made without anybody consulting/ asking me.

h) After doing the same job for ten years, I felt I needed a change.

i) We got lost because we went straight on instead of turning left.

i) I like these pictures you took. You’re good at taking pictures.​

Если после предлога (in/for/about и др.) следует глагол, глагол будет заканчиваться на -ing:

Вы также можете сказать ‘instead of somebody doing something’, ‘fed up with people doing something’ и т.п. :

Обратите внимание на использование следующих предлогов + -ing:

To часто является частью инфинитива (to do / to see и т.п.):

Но to также и предлог (как in/for/about/from и др.). Например:

Если после предлога следует глагол, то глагол будет заканчиваться на -ing:

in doing

about meeting

without stopping (и т.д.)

Упражнения

1. Закончите второе предложение так, чтобы оно означало то же самое, что и первое.

3. Закончите предложения подходящим словом. Каждый раз используйте только одно слово.

4. Для каждой ситуации напишите предложение с I’m (not) looking forward to.

Exercise 1

Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.

1 Why is it useful to have a car?

2 I don’t intend to apply for the job.

I have no intention of …………………….

3 Helen has a good memory for names.

Helen is good at …………………….

4 You probably won’t win the lottery. You have little chance.

You have little chance of …………………….

5 Did you get into trouble because you were late?

6 We didn’t eat at home. We went to a restaurant instead.

7 We got into the exhibition. We didn’t have to queue.

We got into the exhibition without …………………….

8 We played very well, but we lost the game.

We lost the game despite …………………….

Answers

1

2 applying for the job

3 remembering names

4 winning the lottery

6 eating at home, we went to a restaurant

7 having to queue or queuing

8 playing very well

Exercise 2

Complete the sentences using by -ing. Use the following (with the verb in the correct form):

borrow too much money break a window drive too fast

put some pictures on the walls stand on a chair turn a key

1 The burglars got into the house …………………….

2 I was able to reach the top shelf …………………….

3 You start the engine of a car …………………….

4 Kevin got himself into financial trouble …………………….

5 You can put people’s lives in danger …………………….

6 We made the room look nicer …………………….

Answers

2

1 by breaking a window

2 by standing on a chair

3 by turning a key

4 by borrowing too much money

5 by driving too fast

6 by putting some pictures on the walls

Exercise 3

Complete the sentences with a suitable word. Use only one word each time.

1 We ran ten kilometres without …………………….

2 He left the hotel without ……………………. his bill.

3 It’s a nice morning. How about ……………………. for a walk?

4 We were able to translate the letter into English without ……………………. a dictionary.

5 Before ……………………. to bed, I like to have a hot drink.

6 It was a long trip. I was very tired after ……………………. on a train for 36 hours.

7 I was annoyed because the decision was made without anybody ……………………. me.

8 After ……………………. the same job for ten years, I felt I needed a change.

9 We got lost because we went straight on instead of ……………………. left.

10 I like these pictures you took. You’re good at ……………………. pictures.

I was annoyed because the decision was made without anybody me

ing. For example:
Are you interested in working for us?
I’m not very good at learning languages.
She must be fed up with studying.
What are the advantages of having a car?
This knife is only for cutting bread.
How about playing tennis tomorrow?
I bought a new bicycle instead of going away on holiday.
Carol went to work in spite of feeling ill.

Note the use of the following prepositions +

ing:
* Before going out, I phoned Sarah. (not ‘Before to go out’)
* What did you do after leaving school?

ing (to say bow something happens):
* The burglars got into the house by breaking a window and climbing in.
* You can improve your English by reading more.
* She made herself ill by not eating properly. without

ing
To is often part of the infinitive (to do/to see etc.):
* We decided to go out.
* Would you like to play tennis?

But to is also a preposition (like in/for/about/from etc.).:
* We drove from London to Edinburgh.
* I prefer tea to coffee.
* Are you looking forward to the weekend?

If a preposition is followed by a verb, the verb ends in

ing; (in doing/about going etc. So, when to is a preposition and it is followed by a verb, you must say to

ing:
* I prefer driving to travelling by train. (not ‘to travel’)
* Are you looking forward to seeing Ann again? (not ‘looking forward to see’)

59.2 Complete the sentences using by

2 lending you any money.

3 remembering names.

4 passing the exam.

6 eating at home, we went to a restaurant.

7 doing nothing.

8 telling any of their friends.

2 by standing on a chair.

3 by turning a key.

4 by borrowing too much money.

5 by driving too fast.

6 by putting some posters up on the walls.

2 paying 3 going

4 saying 5 going

2 I’m looking forward to seeing her.

3 I’m not looking forward to going to the dentist.

4 She’s looking forward to leaving school (next summer).

5 I’m looking forward to playing tennis (tomorrow).

EXERCISES

59.1 Complete the sentences so that they mean the same as the sentence(s) in brackets.

1. (Why is it useful to have a car?)

What are the advantages of _having a car_?

2. (I don’t intend to lend you any money.)

3. (Helen has a good memory for names.)

4. (Mark won’t pass the exam. He has no chance.)

5. (Did you get into trouble because you were late?)

6. (We didn’t eat at home. We went to a restaurant instead.)

7. (Tom thinks that working is better than doing nothing.)

8. (They got married. They didn’t tell any of their friends.)

9. (Our team played well but we lost the game.)

59.2 Complete the sentences using by

ing. Use one of the following (with the verb in the correct form): borrow too much money break a window drive too fast put some posters up on the walls stand on a chair turn a key

1. The burglars got into the house _by breaking a window._

59.3 Complete the sentences with a suitable word. Use only one word each time.

1. I ran ten kilometers without _stopping._

59.4 For each, situation write a sentence with I’m (not) looking forward to.

1. You are going on holiday next week. How do you feel about this?

_I’m looking forward to going on holiday._

2. Diane is a good friend of yours and she is coming to visit you soon. So you will see her again soon. How do you feel about this?

3. You are going to the dentist tomorrow. You don’t like visits to the dentist. How do you feet about this?