In 1886 john pemberton a druggist in atlanta georgia made a brown
In 1886 john pemberton a druggist in atlanta georgia made a brown
Тексты для чтения на английском/олимпиадные задания (9-11 кл.)
FORM 9 COCA-COLA (READING COMPREHENSION)
Т .: Answer the questions from the text.
3) Pemberton sold Coca-Cola to make people well and … their problems.
b) find out about d) cure
9) People find out about things to buy by looking at.
10) People drink soda from a bottle instead of going to a soda fountain store to drink it because.
F о RM 10 THE SHOEMAKER’S SHOP ( READING COMPREHENSION)
One afternoon many years ago, George Cox robbed Barcley’s Bank. He stole over 50,000 pounds. But unfortunate ly, when he came out of the bank, the police were waiting for him. George was arrested and sentenced to twenty-five years in prison.Years passed and finally the day arrived when George was a free man again. At the door of the prison he was given back his old clothes, a small suitcase and his wallet. He walked to the railway station and caught a train back to the small town he was born and brought up. He chose it for his permanent residence.
After George had got off the train, he came out of the station and looked around him. How everything had changed! There was too much traffic now. What used to be a quiet little street was now an enormous supermarket, whore there used to be a park, there was an ugly car park. George couldn’t believe his eyes. All these changes made him feel a bit depressed so he decided to have a cup of tea, He looked for an old corner cafe where he used to meet his friends when he was a teenager. But of course it was gone, In its place now stood McDonald’s, which George had never seen before in his life. He sat down on the hard plastic seat and waited for the waitress to come and Lake his order. Nobody came, Ten minutes later he realized that he had to go and ask for what he wanted. «A cup of tea, please», he said. «We don’t make tea, only coffee», answered the black girl behind the counter. Everything had changed, it seemed. There was nothing here for him any more,
«Was it a pair of black shoes?» he asked. «Yes», said George excitedly. «A pair of black shoes, size eight and a half?» «Yes», said George. «Needed any heels?» asked the shoemaker. «Yes, that’s right! You mean you’ve still got them?»
«Oh, yes. I’ve still got them», said the shoemaker. «They’ll be ready on Friday».
Circle the letter А , В , С which marks the best answer.
1. When did the police arrest George Cox? A. When he entered the bank. B. When he was stealing money. C. When he left the bank. 2. How much did George Cox steal in the long run? A. He stole 50,000 pounds. B. He stole over 50,000 pounds. D. He stole nothing. 3. What did George decide to do when he was free from prison? A. To visit his parents. B. To have a look at the house where he used to live. C. To stay in his native town.
4. What did George do first when he arrived at the street? A. He went to the corner cafe to have a cup of tea. B. He went to McDonald’s to have a cup of tea. C. He went to the supermarket to buy a pair of shoes.
5. Changes in his street impressed George, didn’t they?
A. Yes, he was. B. Yes, they did. C. No, they didn’t.
6. What was George’s reaction to the changes in his native town?
A. He was impressed. B. He was depressed. C. He was surprised.
7. What did he find in his wallet? A. F pair of shoes. B. Some money to pay for the tea. C. A yellow ticket.
8. Where was the little shoemaker’s shop?
A. Near a Leisure Centre. B. Near McDonald’s C. In a narrow street.
9. The shoemaker was the same man but much older, wasn’t he?
A. Yes, it was B. No, he wasn’t. C. Yes, he was.
10. The shoemaker had a poor memory, didn’t he? A. Yes, he did. B. Yes, he had. C. No, he didn’t
11 FORM BABYLONIA (READING COMPREHENSION)
The people of Babylonia were rich and powerful. They were also happy. They loved each other and they enjoyed working together. But one thing was lacking. Men had only the earth to enjoy. God had kept heaven for himself and his angels.
The King of Babylonia decided that his people should have Heaven as well as Earth. So he ordered them to build a great tall tower. Six hundred thousand men began making bricks and mixing mortar and piling up a building higher and higher. All day every day men carried bricks and mortar up a stairway on the east side of the tower. Then they walked down another stairway on the west to get more loads. This went on for forty-two years until the Tower was twenty-seven miles high. It was so high that it took a man a whole to carry bricks from the ground to the top.
Now the Tower had risen nearly to Heaven, and God saw that he would have to do something to keep the invaders out. Perhaps if he made it hard for people to co-operate, they would not be able to finish the Tower. To carry out his plan God sent seventy angels down to Earth. The angels had orders: first to take away the one language everybody understood, then to split the people up into groups, with each group speaking a new tongue of its own. In no time the men who made bricks couldn’t talk to the men who carried them. And the men who carried bricks couldn’t say an understandable word to the men who laid the bricks. Everything was a mess, and everybody blamed everybody else for not understanding. People no longer talked about the Tower of Heaven. Instead they talked about the Tower of Babel, which meant the Tower of Confusion. Work came to a dead stop. The builders went away carrying their new languages with them. That is how it happens that different tongues are spoken in different parts of the world.
1. Circle the correct letter A, B, or C.
a)They had no heave for themselves. b)They were not reach and powerful. c) There was no love between them.
a)To ask God to come to the earth. B)To build a great tall tower. C)To work together.
a)7 miles high b)70 miles high. C) 27 miles high.
a. He ruined the Tower.
b. He decided to make it hard for people to co-operate.
c. He made the people poor.
a. To take away the one language the people understand.
b. To help the people to build the Tower.
c. To kill the King of Babylonia.
a)Speaking different languages. B)Splitting into small groups. C)Hard work.
a. Because the people couldn’t understand each other.
b. Because the Tower was ruined.
c. Because there were no bricks left to finish the Tower.
a. About the Tower of Babel.
b. About the Tower of confusion.
c. About the new languages.
a. They went away carrying their new languages with them.
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Задание № 14237
1. Supporting sports
2. A remarkable container design
3. A universal medicine
4. A smart symbol
5. The drink ingredients
6. Good in any season
7. A fan society
8. The drink varieties
A. Coca Cola appeared in Atlanta, Georgia, 1886. Doctor John Pemberton made a special syrup, but he kept its components secret. He added some mineral water to it and took the new product to the chemist’s. There the syrup was sold for five cents a glass. Pemberton told everyone that Coca-Cola cured many illnesses, including headaches, stomachaches and nervous breakdowns.
B. Coca Cola was first sold in ordinary bottles. In 1915, the company held a competition to create a new bottle for their drink. They said it should be a bottle that would make Coca Cola different from all other drinks. Even today the shape of Coca Cola bottle is one of the most recognized packages on the planet. ‘even in the dark!’.
C. The famous Coca Cola symbol was created by John Pemberton’s colleague, Mr Robinson. He thought that two letters ‘C would look great in advertising. Besides, the red and white colours were simple and effective. Red was energetic and bright and so would attract young people. As for the style of writing, it was just popular in the United States during that period.
D. Before the 1930s, Coca Cola was only considered to be a drink for warm weather so the company started a campaign to remind people that Coca Cola was a great choice in any month. For this a talented artist drew pictures of a happy Santa Claus enjoying a drink of Coke. The pictures were published in magazines and made Cola even more popular.
E. Coca Cola was one of the first companies that invested money in public projects. For example, the company is proud to be an old and devoted partner of the Olympic Games. This connection began in 1928 with the Games in Amsterdam. Since then the company has sponsored lots of football, hockey, and basketball competitions.
F. The Coca Cola Collectors Club was formed in 1974 by a small group of people. Today it has become international with more than 5000 people from 28 countries. Club members collect everything connected with Coca Cola: bottles, posters, newspaper articles, postcards — everything. They sometimes meet to exchange their treasures.
G. Today there are 16 special variants of the original Coca Cola recipe. Some have less sugar or no sugar at all. Such Coke is chosen by those who want to keep fit. Children may prefer a cherry or a vanilla flavour. The drink also changes from country to country, reflecting national preferences. For example, if you travel to France, you can try the unusual orange Coca Cola.
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In 1886 john pemberton a druggist in atlanta georgia made a brown
The cartoon was a sensation, and so was the new name. If you go to a baseball game today, you can still see sellers walking around with hot-water tanks. As they walk up and down the rows they yell, «Get your hot dogs here! Get your hot dogs!»
Coca-Cola
In 1886 John Pemberton, a druggist in Atlanta, Georgia, made a brown syrup by mixing coca leaves and cola beans. Pemberton sold the syrup in his drugstore as a medicine to cure all kinds of problems. Pemberton called his all-purpose medicine «Coca-Cola».
When few people bought Coca-Cola, Pemberton sold it to another druggist, Asa Candler. Candler decided to sell Coca-Cola as a soda-fountain drink instead of as a medicine. Candler advertised a lot and sold his syrup to many drugstores. Soon everyone was going to soda fountains and asking for Coca-Cola.
Candler saw no reason for putting Coca-Cola into bottles. But two businessmen thought this would be a good idea. They got permission from Candler, and before long they became millionaires.
As of 1903, coca leaves were no longer used in Coca-Cola, the exact ingredients used and their quantities are not known — the Coca-Cola Comраnу keeps its recipe a secret.
World War I helped make Coca-Cola popular outside the United Slates. The Coca-Cola Company sent free bottles of the drink to U.S. soldiers fighting in Europe. Coca-Cola became very popular with the soldiers — so popular that the U.S. Army asked the company to supply it. After the WWI factories continued to make Coca-Cola in Europe.
Canned Food
Food which is kept too long decays. The canning process, however, seals the product in a container so that no infection can reach it, and then it is sterilized by heat. No chemical preservatives are necessary, and properly canned food does not deteriorate during the storage.
The principle was discovered in 1809 by a Frenchman called Nicolas Appert. He corked food lightly in wide-neck glass bottles and immersed them in a bath of hot water to drive out the air, and then he hammered the corks down to seal the jars hermetically. Appert’s discovery was rewarded by the French government because better preserved food supplies were needed for Napoleon’s troops on distant campaigns.
By 1814 an English manufacturer had replaced Appert’s glass jars with metal containers and was supplying tinned vegetable soup and meat to the British navy. The next scientific improvement, in 1860, was the result of Louis Pasteur’s work on sterilization through the application of scientifically controlled heat.
Today vegetables, fish, fruit, meet and beer are canned in enormous quantities. Within three generations the eating habits of millions have been revolutionized. Foods that were previously seasonal may now be eaten at any time, and strange food is available far from the countries where it is grown.
English Cuisine
I am always both amused and annoyed when I hear foreign people criticize English food. «It’s unimaginative», they say. «It’s boring, it’s tasteless, and it’s chips with everything and totally overcooked vegetables». «It’s unambitious», say the French. When I ask these visitors where they have experienced English cooking, I am astonished by their reply. «In Wimpy Bars and McDonald’s Hamburger restaurants», they often say. I have won my case. Their conclusions are inexcusable.
I have a theory about English cooking, and I was interested to read that several famous cookery writers agree with me. My theory is this. Our basic ingredients, when fresh, are so full of flavor that we haven’t had to invent sauces and complex recipes to disguise their natural taste. What can compare with fresh peas or new potatoes just boiled (not overboiled) and served with butter? Why drown spring lamb in wine or cream or yoghurt and spices, when with just one or two herbs it is absolutely delicious? We have to go back to before World War II.
However, World War II changed everything. Wartime women had to forget 600 years of British cooking, learn to do without foreign imports. The Ministry of Food published cheap, boring recipes. The joke of the war was a dish called Woolton Pie (named after the Minister for Food!). This consisted of a mixture of boiled vegetables covered in white sauce with mashed potato on the top. Britain never managed to recover from the wartime attitude to food. We were left with a loss of confidence in our cooking skills and after years of Ministry recipes we began to believe that British food was boring, and we searched the world for sophisticated, new dishes which gave hope of a better future. Surely food is as much a part of our culture as our landscape, our language, and our literature. Nowadays, cooking British food is like speaking a dead language. It is almost as bizarre as having a conversation in Anglo-Saxon English!
If you ask foreigners to name some typically English dishes, they will probably say «Fish and chips» and then stop. It is disappointing, but true, that there is no tradition in England of eating in restaurants. English cooking is found in the home, where it is possible to time the dishes to perfection. So it is difficult to find a good English restaurant with reasonable prices.
It is for these reasons that we haven’t exported our dishes, but we have imported a surprising number from all over the world. In most cities in Britain you’ll find Indian, Chinese, French and Italian restaurants. In London you’ll also find Indonesian, Lebanese, Iranian, German, Spanish, Mexican, Greek. Cynics will say that this is because we have no «cuisine» ourselves. However, there is still one small ray of hope. British pubs are often the best places to eat well and cheaply in Britain, and they also increasingly try to serve tasty British food.
Nations & Food: Past & Present
(1) Human history has been shaped by a preoccupation with food. Ever since prehistoric times, the search for food has determined where people have lived, what they have invented, who they have befriended, and how they have lived. Throughout history, conditions related to the food supply have determined where ports and cities were built, where expeditions of exploration were sent, which wars were fought, and who would rule nations. Nothing has occupied more human time and energy than the tasks related to finding, collecting, transporting, and preparing food. Food both reflects the societies in which it is found and shapes the character of the people in them.
(2) From their earliest moments on earth, people have been preoccupied with food. Prehistoric humans were first hunters of animals and gatherers of plants. Some of the earliest human inventions were related to the human pursuit and preparation of food. Spears and clubs, for example, were created for the purpose of hunting. A particularly significant innovation, the ability to control and use fire, changed life considerably and prepared the way for an entirely new diet. Using fire in cooking made edible some formerly indigestible foods and probably greatly improved human health, since heat helps to break down the food fibers and release protein and carbohydrates. The controlling of fire therefore led humankind to a longer life-span and stronger existence.
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Dachshund sausages first became popular in New York, especially at baseball games. At games they were sold by men who kept them warm in hot-water tanks. As the men walked up and down the rows of people, they yelled, «Get your dachshund sausages! Get your hot dachshund sausages!» People got the sausages on buns, a special bread.
One day in 1906 a newspaper cartoonist named Tad Dorgan went to a baseball game. When he saw the men with the dachshund sausages, he got an idea for a cartoon. The next day at the newspaper office he drew a bun with a dachshund inside—not a dachshund sausage, but a dachshund. Dorgan didn’t know how to spell dachshund. Under the cartoon, he wrote «Get your hot dogs!»
The cartoon was a sensation, and so was the new name. If you go to a baseball game today, you can still see sellers walking around with hot-water tanks. As they walk up and down the rows they yell, «Get your hot dogs here! Get your hot dogs!»
In 1886 John Pemberton, a druggist in Atlanta, Georgia, made a brown syrup by mixing coca leaves and cola beans. Pemberton sold the syrup in his drugstore as a medicine to cure all kinds of problems. Pemberton called his all-purpose medicine «Coca-Cola».
When few people bought Coca-Cola, Pemberton sold it to another druggist, Asa Candler. Candler decided to sell Coca-Cola as a soda-fountain drink instead of as a medicine. Candler advertised a lot and sold his syrup to many drugstores. Soon everyone was going to soda fountains and asking for Coca-Cola.
Candler saw no reason for putting Coca-Cola into bottles. But two businessmen thought this would be a good idea. They got permission from Candler, and before long they became millionaires.
As of 1903, coca leaves were no longer used in Coca-Cola, the exact ingredients used and their quantities are not known — the Coca-Cola Comраnу keeps its recipe a secret.
World War I helped make Coca-Cola popular outside the United Slates. The Coca-Cola Company sent free bottles of the drink to U.S. soldiers fighting in Europe. Coca-Cola became very popular with the soldiers — so popular that the U.S. Army asked the company to supply it. After the WWI factories continued to make Coca-Cola in Europe.
Food which is kept too long decays. The canning process, however, seals the product in a container so that no infection can reach it, and then it is sterilized by heat. No chemical preservatives are necessary, and properly canned food does not deteriorate during the storage.
The principle was discovered in 1809 by a Frenchman called Nicolas Appert. He corked food lightly in wide-neck glass bottles and immersed them in a bath of hot water to drive out the air, and then he hammered the corks down to seal the jars hermetically. Appert’s discovery was rewarded by the French government because better preserved food supplies were needed for Napoleon’s troops on distant campaigns.
By 1814 an English manufacturer had replaced Appert’s glass jars with metal containers and was supplying tinned vegetable soup and meat to the British navy. The next scientific improvement, in 1860, was the result of Louis Pasteur’s work on sterilization through the application of scientifically controlled heat.
Today vegetables, fish, fruit, meet and beer are canned in enormous quantities. Within three generations the eating habits of millions have been revolutionized. Foods that were previously seasonal may now be eaten at any time, and strange food is available far from the countries where it is grown.
I am always both amused and annoyed when I hear foreign people criticize English food. «It’s unimaginative», they say. «It’s boring, it’s tasteless, and it’s chips with everything and totally overcooked vegetables». «It’s unambitious», say the French. When I ask these visitors where they have experienced English cooking, I am astonished by their reply. «In Wimpy Bars and McDonald’s Hamburger restaurants», they often say. I have won my case. Their conclusions are inexcusable.
I have a theory about English cooking, and I was interested to read that several famous cookery writers agree with me. My theory is this. Our basic ingredients, when fresh, are so full of flavor that we haven’t had to invent sauces and complex recipes to disguise their natural taste. What can compare with fresh peas or new potatoes just boiled (not overboiled) and served with butter? Why drown spring lamb in wine or cream or yoghurt and spices, when with just one or two herbs it is absolutely delicious? We have to go back to before World War II.
However, World War II changed everything. Wartime women had to forget 600 years of British cooking, learn to do without foreign imports. The Ministry of Food published cheap, boring recipes. The joke of the war was a dish called Woolton Pie (named after the Minister for Food!). This consisted of a mixture of boiled vegetables covered in white sauce with mashed potato on the top. Britain never managed to recover from the wartime attitude to food. We were left with a loss of confidence in our cooking skills and after years of Ministry recipes we began to believe that British food was boring, and we searched the world for sophisticated, new dishes which gave hope of a better future. Surely food is as much a part of our culture as our landscape, our language, and our literature. Nowadays, cooking British food is like speaking a dead language. It is almost as bizarre as having a conversation in Anglo-Saxon English!
If you ask foreigners to name some typically English dishes, they will probably say «Fish and chips» and then stop. It is disappointing, but true, that there is no tradition in England of eating in restaurants. English cooking is found in the home, where it is possible to time the dishes to perfection. So it is difficult to find a good English restaurant with reasonable prices.
It is for these reasons that we haven’t exported our dishes, but we have imported a surprising number from all over the world. In most cities in Britain you’ll find Indian, Chinese, French and Italian restaurants. In London you’ll also find Indonesian, Lebanese, Iranian, German, Spanish, Mexican, Greek. Cynics will say that this is because we have no «cuisine» ourselves. However, there is still one small ray of hope. British pubs are often the best places to eat well and cheaply in Britain, and they also increasingly try to serve tasty British food.
Nations & Food: Past & Present
(1) Human history has been shaped by a preoccupation with food. Ever since prehistoric times, the search for food has determined where people have lived, what they have invented, who they have befriended, and how they have lived. Throughout history, conditions related to the food supply have determined where ports and cities were built, where expeditions of exploration were sent, which wars were fought, and who would rule nations. Nothing has occupied more human time and energy than the tasks related to finding, collecting, transporting, and preparing food. Food both reflects the societies in which it is found and shapes the character of the people in them.